<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></title><description><![CDATA[Comprendre les grands enjeux de stratégie, de recherche & de business intelligence dans les domaines de la tech, du cyber, de la défense, de l’intelligence artificielle, du quantique et des deeptech. Voir le site de notre cabinet : https://alyghieri.com
]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yjFN!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbacabdb9-3c97-492e-ac4c-d44ebb81ca51_1280x1280.png</url><title>ALYGHIERI</title><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Fri, 19 Jun 2026 17:12:14 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://blog.alyghieri.com/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[Yrieix Denis - ALYGHIERI Conseil]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[fr]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[alyghieri@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[alyghieri@substack.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[alyghieri@substack.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[alyghieri@substack.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[Et si on mettait autant d’énergie pour protéger les données sensibles des Français qu'on en met depuis des décennies à les capter ?]]></title><description><![CDATA[&#192; propos d'un article de 2013]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/et-si-on-mettait-autant-denergie</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/et-si-on-mettait-autant-denergie</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 11 Jun 2026 12:48:56 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jli7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0af38790-c0eb-405f-a9b6-f441ba78d23b_1024x559.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jli7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0af38790-c0eb-405f-a9b6-f441ba78d23b_1024x559.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jli7!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0af38790-c0eb-405f-a9b6-f441ba78d23b_1024x559.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jli7!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0af38790-c0eb-405f-a9b6-f441ba78d23b_1024x559.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jli7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0af38790-c0eb-405f-a9b6-f441ba78d23b_1024x559.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jli7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0af38790-c0eb-405f-a9b6-f441ba78d23b_1024x559.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jli7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0af38790-c0eb-405f-a9b6-f441ba78d23b_1024x559.jpeg" width="1024" height="559" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jli7!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0af38790-c0eb-405f-a9b6-f441ba78d23b_1024x559.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jli7!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0af38790-c0eb-405f-a9b6-f441ba78d23b_1024x559.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jli7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0af38790-c0eb-405f-a9b6-f441ba78d23b_1024x559.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jli7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0af38790-c0eb-405f-a9b6-f441ba78d23b_1024x559.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h6 style="text-align: center;"><em>Dessin g&#233;n&#233;r&#233; par IA </em></h6><p>Plong&#233; depuis pr&#232;s de 5 ans maintenant dans l&#8217;histoire labyrinthique et mouvement&#233;e du num&#233;rique et de la cybers&#233;curit&#233; en France - et dans le monde, dans le cadre de recherches qui seront publi&#233;es, si les dieux de l&#8217;&#233;dition le veulent, en 2027, nous sommes tomb&#233; sur <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2013/07/04/revelations-sur-le-big-brother-francais_3441631_3224.html">cet article du </a><em><a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2013/07/04/revelations-sur-le-big-brother-francais_3441631_3224.html">Monde</a></em> de 2013 : </p><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;La DGSE collecte ainsi les relev&#233;s t&#233;l&#233;phoniques de millions d&#8217;abonn&#233;s &#8211; l&#8217;identifiant des appelants et des appel&#233;s, le lieu, la date, la dur&#233;e, le poids du message. M&#234;me chose pour les mails (avec possibilit&#233; de lire l&#8217;objet du courrier), les SMS, les fax&#8230; Et toute l&#8217;activit&#233; Internet, qui passe par Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Apple, Yahoo!&#8230; C&#8217;est ce que la d&#233;l&#233;gation parlementaire au renseignement appelle tr&#232;s justement &#8220;le renseignement d&#8217;origine &#233;lectromagn&#233;tique&#8221; (ROEM), traduction du Sigint (signal intelligence) de la NSA.</em></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><em>Ces m&#233;tadonn&#233;es permettent de dessiner d&#8217;immenses graphes de liaisons entre personnes &#224; partir de leur activit&#233; num&#233;rique, et ce depuis des ann&#233;es. De dessiner une sorte de journal intime de l&#8217;activit&#233; de chacun, tant sur son t&#233;l&#233;phone que sur son ordinateur. A charge ensuite pour les services de renseignement, lorsqu&#8217;un groupe int&#233;ressant a &#233;t&#233; identifi&#233;, d&#8217;utiliser des techniques plus intrusives, comme les &#233;coutes ou les filatures.&#8221;</em></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><em>Les autres services de renseignement fran&#231;ais ont acc&#232;s en toute discr&#233;tion &#224; cette gigantesque base de donn&#233;es, sobrement baptis&#233;e &#8220;infrastructure de mutualisation&#8221;. Il s&#8217;agit de la direction du renseignement militaire (DRM), la direction de la protection et de la s&#233;curit&#233; de la d&#233;fense (DPSD), la direction centrale de la s&#233;curit&#233; int&#233;rieure (DCRI), la Direction nationale du renseignement et des enqu&#234;tes douani&#232;res (DNRED), de Tracfin et m&#234;me du petit service de renseignement de la pr&#233;fecture de police de Paris.</em></p><p><em>Selon le S&#233;nat, 80 % des moyens de la direction technique de la DGSE sont utilis&#233;s par ces autres services. Chacun donne le nom de la cible vis&#233;e &#224; son interlocuteur de la DGSE, qui r&#233;pond &#8220;hit&#8221; (touch&#233;) ou &#8220;no hit&#8221; selon qu&#8217;elle figure ou non dans la base de donn&#233;es. Puis les services de la DGSE rendent intelligibles les m&#233;tadonn&#233;es, en y ajoutant du renseignement classique.</em></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><em>Les demandes de consultations sont loin de se limiter au seul terrorisme ou &#224; la d&#233;fense du patrimoine &#233;conomique. Le libell&#233; tr&#232;s flou de la protection de la s&#233;curit&#233; nationale permet notamment d&#8217;identifier les entourages de personnalit&#233;s au plus haut niveau de l&#8217;Etat, quelles que soient leur qualit&#233; et la nature des liens espionn&#233;s.&#8221;</em></p></blockquote><p>Fort de cette lecture - et de c<a href="https://bugbrother.wordpress.com/2010/10/02/frenchelon-la-dgse-est-en-1ere-division/">ette autre, du journaliste Jean-Marc Manach</a>, nous nous sommes pris d&#8217;un r&#234;ve un peu fou : et si l&#8217;on mettait autant d&#8217;intelligence, d&#8217;&#233;nergie, de moyens, de comp&#233;tences et de rigueur &#224; d&#233;fendre l&#8217;ensemble des donn&#233;es personnelles des Fran&#231;ais ?</p><p>Ce serait quelque chose de merveilleux, non ?</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wXYM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3f60a666-c685-4a8a-ad04-aeea91ea9dfd_1502x1280.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wXYM!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3f60a666-c685-4a8a-ad04-aeea91ea9dfd_1502x1280.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wXYM!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3f60a666-c685-4a8a-ad04-aeea91ea9dfd_1502x1280.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wXYM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3f60a666-c685-4a8a-ad04-aeea91ea9dfd_1502x1280.png 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Si vous souhaitez &#233;changer avec nous sur ces sujets cruciaux, &#233;crivez &#224; : <code>contact[@]alyghieri.com </code></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Les États-Unis, nouvelle menace géopolitique contre l'Europe ?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Robert Kagan vs Donal Trump]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/les-etats-unis-nouvelle-menace-geopolitique</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/les-etats-unis-nouvelle-menace-geopolitique</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 08:54:57 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sxkf!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F756aacaf-6960-4ee1-a0f4-f7257b87687e_1024x1024.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sxkf!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F756aacaf-6960-4ee1-a0f4-f7257b87687e_1024x1024.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sxkf!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F756aacaf-6960-4ee1-a0f4-f7257b87687e_1024x1024.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sxkf!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F756aacaf-6960-4ee1-a0f4-f7257b87687e_1024x1024.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sxkf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F756aacaf-6960-4ee1-a0f4-f7257b87687e_1024x1024.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>C&#8217;est l&#8217;avis (tranch&#233; !) du n&#233;oconservateur et g&#233;opolitologue Robert Kagan dans <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/idees/article/2026/05/26/robert-kagan-politiste-la-guerre-en-iran-risque-d-affaiblir-durablement-la-position-des-etats-unis-dans-le-monde_6693852_3232.html">un entretien accord&#233; au </a><em><a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/idees/article/2026/05/26/robert-kagan-politiste-la-guerre-en-iran-risque-d-affaiblir-durablement-la-position-des-etats-unis-dans-le-monde_6693852_3232.html">Monde</a></em><a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/idees/article/2026/05/26/robert-kagan-politiste-la-guerre-en-iran-risque-d-affaiblir-durablement-la-position-des-etats-unis-dans-le-monde_6693852_3232.html"> </a>:</p><p>Pour ce d&#233;fenseur pourtant farouche d&#8217;une Am&#233;rique gendarme de l&#8217;ordre lib&#233;ral mondial, le tournant illib&#233;ral engag&#233; par l&#8217;administration Trump a chang&#233; radicalement la perception que l&#8217;Europe doit avoir des &#201;tats-unis :</p><blockquote><p><em>&#171; Au-del&#224; de cette crise, il y a une r&#233;alit&#233; fondamentale que l&#8217;Europe doit bien saisir : les Etats-Unis n&#8217;assureront plus sa s&#233;curit&#233;. Donald Trump s&#8217;emploie &#224; d&#233;truire toutes les alliances construites apr&#232;s la seconde guerre mondiale.</em></p><p><em>Je pense en particulier &#224; l&#8217;OTAN [Organisation du trait&#233; de l&#8217;Atlantique Nord, n&#233;e en 1949]. Pire encore, les Etats-Unis repr&#233;sentent une menace pour le continent, comme le d&#233;montre leur int&#233;r&#234;t pr&#233;dateur pour le Groenland. L&#8217;Europe va devoir se r&#233;armer pour faire face &#224; trois empires pr&#233;dateurs : les Etats-Unis, la Russie et la Chine.</em></p><p><em>Le monde entier doit comprendre que les Etats-Unis sont d&#233;j&#224;, dans une large mesure, une dictature. L&#8217;arm&#233;e et la justice, deux minist&#232;res r&#233;galiens, mais aussi le FBI et la CIA sont soumis au pr&#233;sident. Des libert&#233;s fondamentales sont foul&#233;es aux pieds, tels la libert&#233; de la presse et le droit de manifester. Et nous devons nous attendre au pire pour les &#233;lections de mi-mandat, pr&#233;vues en novembre.</em></p><p><em>J&#8217;ai bien peur que Trump n&#8217;accepte pas la d&#233;faite si les r&#233;publicains obtiennent de mauvais r&#233;sultats. Face &#224; de telles d&#233;rives, l&#8217;Europe doit soutenir la d&#233;mocratie aux Etats-Unis, et cela passe par l&#8217;abandon de toute strat&#233;gie cherchant &#224; apaiser Trump. Cela ne fonctionne pas. &#187;</em></p></blockquote><p>En janvier dernier, le g&#233;opolitologue analysait <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/2026/03/trump-national-security-greenland-spheres-of-interest/685673/">dans </a><em><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/2026/03/trump-national-security-greenland-spheres-of-interest/685673/">The Atlantic</a></em> la fa&#231;on dont l&#8217;administration Trump avait rebattu les cartes de la g&#233;opolitique des &#201;tats-Unis. Pour Robert Kagan, l&#8217;abandon d&#233;lib&#233;r&#233; par les USA de leur r&#244;le de garant de la s&#233;curit&#233; mondiale et de l&#8217;ordre lib&#233;ral entra&#238;ne un basculement multipolaire analogue &#224; celui du XIXe si&#232;cle. </p><p>Ce qui conduit leurs alli&#233;s europ&#233;ens et asiatiques &#224; poursuivre leurs sph&#232;res d&#8217;int&#233;r&#234;t propres, sans possibilit&#233; de concertation avec deux comp&#233;titeurs (Chine et USA) insatisfaits. Plus encore, pour Kagan, l&#8217;agressivit&#233; de la politique am&#233;ricaine fait des &#201;tats-unis une puissance voyou (!), et d&#233;truit le syst&#232;me d&#8217;alliances qui fait pourtant la v&#233;ritable force des USA vis-&#224;-vis de la Chine&#8230;</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Il y a 78 ans, on craignait déjà un totalitarisme algorithmique]]></title><description><![CDATA[&#192; propos d'un article du p&#232;re Dominique Dubarle et des th&#232;ses de Peter Thiel]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/il-y-a-78-ans-on-craignait-deja-un</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/il-y-a-78-ans-on-craignait-deja-un</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 24 May 2026 17:44:51 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKgY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4abba235-cfd1-4b80-a7ab-5f75602f91f0_1600x1139.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKgY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4abba235-cfd1-4b80-a7ab-5f75602f91f0_1600x1139.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKgY!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4abba235-cfd1-4b80-a7ab-5f75602f91f0_1600x1139.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKgY!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4abba235-cfd1-4b80-a7ab-5f75602f91f0_1600x1139.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKgY!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4abba235-cfd1-4b80-a7ab-5f75602f91f0_1600x1139.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKgY!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4abba235-cfd1-4b80-a7ab-5f75602f91f0_1600x1139.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKgY!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4abba235-cfd1-4b80-a7ab-5f75602f91f0_1600x1139.png" width="1456" height="1036" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4abba235-cfd1-4b80-a7ab-5f75602f91f0_1600x1139.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1036,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:2033699,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://blog.alyghieri.com/i/199082924?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4abba235-cfd1-4b80-a7ab-5f75602f91f0_1600x1139.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKgY!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4abba235-cfd1-4b80-a7ab-5f75602f91f0_1600x1139.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKgY!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4abba235-cfd1-4b80-a7ab-5f75602f91f0_1600x1139.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKgY!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4abba235-cfd1-4b80-a7ab-5f75602f91f0_1600x1139.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKgY!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4abba235-cfd1-4b80-a7ab-5f75602f91f0_1600x1139.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: center;"><em>Tournage du film dystopique &#169;Brazil de Terry Gilliam (1985)</em></p><p>Les craintes de l&#8217;entrepreneur et investisseur am&#233;ricain Peter Thiel &#224; propos d&#8217;un &#8220;<em>gouvernement mondial totalitaire</em>&#8221;, qu&#8217;il qualifie d&#8217;<em>Ant&#233;christ</em>, ont fait beaucoup parl&#233; d&#8217;elles. &#192; Rome, o&#249; Peter Thiel a donn&#233; une s&#233;rie de conf&#233;rence, ces th&#232;ses ont suscit&#233; un accueil contrast&#233;. Un th&#233;ologien proche du Vatican <a href="https://legrandcontinent.eu/fr/2026/03/14/thiel-heresie-benanti/"> y a par exemple vu une &#8220;h&#233;r&#233;sie contre le consensus lib&#233;ral&#8221;.</a> </p><p>&#192; croire en tout cas le fondateur de PayPal et Palantir, un totalitarisme universel pourrait bient&#244;t s&#8217;imposer en prenant &#8220;<em>les traits de tous ceux qui cherchent &#224; freiner le d&#233;veloppement de la science au nom de la paix et de la s&#233;curit&#233;</em>&#8221;, r&#233;sumait Corine Lesnes dans <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/idees/article/2025/10/30/selon-peter-thiel-l-antechrist-du-xxi-siecle-utilise-la-peur-du-changement-climatique_6650280_3232.html">une chronique du </a><em><a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/idees/article/2025/10/30/selon-peter-thiel-l-antechrist-du-xxi-siecle-utilise-la-peur-du-changement-climatique_6650280_3232.html">Monde </a></em><a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/idees/article/2025/10/30/selon-peter-thiel-l-antechrist-du-xxi-siecle-utilise-la-peur-du-changement-climatique_6650280_3232.html">publi&#233;e en octobre dernier</a>. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sJgI!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb3085d7f-1066-4aae-9b70-597ac9879020_1758x1466.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sJgI!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb3085d7f-1066-4aae-9b70-597ac9879020_1758x1466.png 424w, 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pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: center;">&#169;<em>The New York Time</em></p><p>Plus pr&#233;cis&#233;ment, la th&#232;se de Peter Thiel repose sur un triple constat (nous nous fondons ici sur <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/opinion/peter-thiel-antichrist-ross-douthat.html">un entretien qu&#8217;a donn&#233; l&#8217;entrepreneur-philosophe &#224; Ross Douthat</a>, pour le <em>New York Time</em>) :</p><ul><li><p>1/ En Occident, en dehors du secteur de l'informatique, du logiciel et de l'intelligence artificielle, le progr&#232;s technologique s'est arr&#234;t&#233; vers 1970 (on retrouve ici la th&#232;se de son fameux <em>Zero to One</em>)</p><p></p></li><li><p>2/ Or, en p&#233;riode de stagnation, les institutions lib&#233;rales deviennent instables</p><p></p></li><li><p>3/ C&#8217;est dans ce contexte qu&#8217;un Ant&#233;christ moderne pourrait prendre le pouvoir en exploitant des peurs existentielles (guerre nucl&#233;aire, changement climatique, d&#233;rive de l'IA) et imposer un gouvernement mondial totalitaire et centralis&#233;, qui figerait l'humanit&#233; dans une stagnation d&#233;finitive, sous pr&#233;texte de la r&#233;guler.</p></li></ul><p>(Pour creuser la th&#232;se de Thiel, on se reportera avec profit sur sa <a href="https://firstthings.com/voyages-to-the-end-of-the-world/">publication sur le site de </a><em><a href="https://firstthings.com/voyages-to-the-end-of-the-world/">First Thing</a></em>)</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-BC!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F473110a9-95ad-464d-92b8-0f5436134b27_956x1500.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-BC!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F473110a9-95ad-464d-92b8-0f5436134b27_956x1500.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-BC!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F473110a9-95ad-464d-92b8-0f5436134b27_956x1500.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-BC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F473110a9-95ad-464d-92b8-0f5436134b27_956x1500.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-BC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F473110a9-95ad-464d-92b8-0f5436134b27_956x1500.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-BC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F473110a9-95ad-464d-92b8-0f5436134b27_956x1500.jpeg" width="956" height="1500" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/473110a9-95ad-464d-92b8-0f5436134b27_956x1500.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1500,&quot;width&quot;:956,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:81325,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://blog.alyghieri.com/i/199082924?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F473110a9-95ad-464d-92b8-0f5436134b27_956x1500.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-BC!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F473110a9-95ad-464d-92b8-0f5436134b27_956x1500.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-BC!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F473110a9-95ad-464d-92b8-0f5436134b27_956x1500.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-BC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F473110a9-95ad-464d-92b8-0f5436134b27_956x1500.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W-BC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F473110a9-95ad-464d-92b8-0f5436134b27_956x1500.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>La th&#232;se de Peter Thiel repose finalement sur l&#8217;id&#233;e que la science moderne, n&#233;e de l&#8217;espoir de Francis Bacon de soulager la mis&#232;re humaine (d&#233;velopp&#233;e dans son ouvrage  posthume, <em>La Nouvelle Atlantide</em>), porterait en elle le germe d'un syst&#232;me de contr&#244;le universel. </p><p>Le plus grand danger eschatologique de notre si&#232;cle ne serait donc pas la destruction physique de la Terre (&#8220;<em>l'Armageddon</em>&#8221; biblique), mais l'av&#232;nement d'un ordre mondial r&#233;gul&#233;, conformiste et stagnant, qui abolirait la libert&#233; humaine au nom de la paix et de la s&#233;curit&#233;.</p><p>Ces th&#232;ses font &#233;trangement &#233;cho avec <strong><a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1948/12/28/la-manipulation-mecanique-des-reactions-humaines-creera-t-elle-un-jour-le-meilleur-des-mondes-les-premiers-grands-relais-du-cerveau-humain-le-depassement-du-systeme-nerveux-les-pro_3036529_1819218.html">un article du philosophe et &#233;pist&#233;mologue Dominique Durbarle</a></strong>. En 1948, ce dominicain f&#233;ru de science publiait dans <em>Le Monde</em> une recension &#8220;d&#8217;un livre extraordinaire, myst&#233;rieusement intitul&#233; <em><a href="https://uberty.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Norbert_Wiener_Cybernetics.pdf">Cybernetics, or control and communication in the animal and the machine</a>&#8221;</em>, et publi&#233; &#224; Paris aux &#233;ditions Hermann.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mM3G!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0360a158-839b-42a6-b529-8bfcc58ad36f_410x602.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mM3G!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0360a158-839b-42a6-b529-8bfcc58ad36f_410x602.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mM3G!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0360a158-839b-42a6-b529-8bfcc58ad36f_410x602.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mM3G!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0360a158-839b-42a6-b529-8bfcc58ad36f_410x602.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mM3G!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0360a158-839b-42a6-b529-8bfcc58ad36f_410x602.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mM3G!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0360a158-839b-42a6-b529-8bfcc58ad36f_410x602.png" width="410" height="602" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/0360a158-839b-42a6-b529-8bfcc58ad36f_410x602.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:602,&quot;width&quot;:410,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:352690,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://blog.alyghieri.com/i/199082924?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0360a158-839b-42a6-b529-8bfcc58ad36f_410x602.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mM3G!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0360a158-839b-42a6-b529-8bfcc58ad36f_410x602.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mM3G!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0360a158-839b-42a6-b529-8bfcc58ad36f_410x602.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mM3G!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0360a158-839b-42a6-b529-8bfcc58ad36f_410x602.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mM3G!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0360a158-839b-42a6-b529-8bfcc58ad36f_410x602.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>Cet ouvrage s&#233;minal n&#8217;est autre que celui du <a href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/norbert-wiener/">c&#233;l&#232;bre Norbert Wiener</a>. La recension de Wiener est l&#8217;occasion pour le p&#232;re Dubarle de revenir sur la naissance et les promesses de &#8220;la cybern&#233;tique&#8221; naissante :</p><blockquote><p><em>Les premiers grands relais du cerveau humain viennent de prendre naissance, proportionnellement aussi neufs, aussi puissants par rapport aux outils usuels du calcul qu'un tour automatique l'est par rapport &#224; la lime du serrurier. Le fait est vraisemblablement d'importance encore plus consid&#233;rable que ne le sont la conqu&#234;te de l'&#233;nergie nucl&#233;aire et la r&#233;alisation de la bombe atomique.</em></p></blockquote><p>Dubarle d&#233;veloppe aussi ses craintes &#224; propos de l&#8217;&#233;mergence d&#8217;un gouvernement mondial totalitaire. Sauf que chez Dubarle (qu&#8217;<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8u6NFhW8T5c">&#201;ric Rohmer fera discuter vingt ans plus tard d&#8217;un autre savant, Blaise Pascal</a>), il n&#8217;est pas question d&#8217;une technocratie mill&#233;nariste, comme chez Peter Thiel. Il s&#8217;agit simplement d&#8217;une technocratie qui consid&#232;rerait que le calcul probabiliste est plus efficient que la d&#233;lib&#233;ration humaine. Soit, la position de beaucoup d&#8217;entrepreneur de la Silicon Valley. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!c9yL!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ebb74df-1a78-474d-b594-29a547fb098c_958x1384.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!c9yL!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ebb74df-1a78-474d-b594-29a547fb098c_958x1384.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!c9yL!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ebb74df-1a78-474d-b594-29a547fb098c_958x1384.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!c9yL!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ebb74df-1a78-474d-b594-29a547fb098c_958x1384.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!c9yL!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ebb74df-1a78-474d-b594-29a547fb098c_958x1384.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!c9yL!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ebb74df-1a78-474d-b594-29a547fb098c_958x1384.png" width="958" height="1384" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4ebb74df-1a78-474d-b594-29a547fb098c_958x1384.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1384,&quot;width&quot;:958,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1680496,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://blog.alyghieri.com/i/199082924?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ebb74df-1a78-474d-b594-29a547fb098c_958x1384.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!c9yL!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ebb74df-1a78-474d-b594-29a547fb098c_958x1384.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!c9yL!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ebb74df-1a78-474d-b594-29a547fb098c_958x1384.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!c9yL!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ebb74df-1a78-474d-b594-29a547fb098c_958x1384.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!c9yL!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ebb74df-1a78-474d-b594-29a547fb098c_958x1384.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: center;"><em>Dominique Dubarle, en arri&#232;re-plan</em></p><p>Dubarle craint en effet qu&#8217;on en vienne &#224; utiliser la puissance computationnelle pour suppl&#233;er &#224; la puissance publique et qu&#8217;on en vienne &#224; cr&#233;er un &#8220;<em>prodigieux L&#233;viathan politique&#8221;. </em>Il y a donc 78 ans, Dominique Dubarle a merveilleusement r&#233;sum&#233; le risque d&#8217;un totalitarisme algorithmique : </p><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;Nous pouvons r&#234;ver &#224; un temps o&#249; la machine &#224; gouverner viendrait suppl&#233;er - pour le bien ou pour le mal, qui sait ? - l&#8217;insuffisance aujourd&#8217;hui patente des t&#234;tes et des appareils coutumiers de la politique.&#8221;</em></p></blockquote><p>(&#8230;)</p><blockquote><p><em>La machine &#224; gouverner d&#233;finirait alors l&#8217;&#201;tat comme le meneur le plus avis&#233; sur chaque plan particulier, et comme l&#8217;unique coordinateur supr&#234;me de toutes les d&#233;cisions partielles.</em></p></blockquote><p>(&#8230;)</p><blockquote><p><em>Autant qu&#8217;on en puisse juger deux conditions seules peuvent assurer ici la stabilisation au sens math&#233;matique du terme : une suffisante inconscience de la masse des partenaires, exploit&#233;e alors par les joueurs avertis, qui peuvent du reste organiser un dispositif de paralysie de la conscience des masses ; ou alors <strong>une suffisante bonne volont&#233; de s&#8217;en remettre &#224; un ou quelques meneurs de jeu, arbitrairement privil&#233;gi&#233;s en vue de la stabilit&#233; de la partie</strong>.</em></p></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><p><em>Dure le&#231;on des froides math&#233;matiques, mais qui &#233;claire de quelque mani&#232;re l&#8217;aventure de notre si&#232;cle, h&#233;sitant entre une turbulence ind&#233;finie des affaires humaines et le surgissement d&#8217;un prodigieux L&#233;viathan politique.</em></p></blockquote><p>Ces quelques meneurs de jeu ne rappellent-ils pas les h&#233;rauts de la gouvernance algorithmique ? Ce &#8220;<em>formidable L&#233;viathan</em>&#8221; n&#8217;a-t-il pas d&#233;j&#224; trouv&#233; son incarnation dans la fusion entre l&#8217;&#201;tat am&#233;ricain et la Silicon Valley ? Peter Thiel, qui reconna&#238;t avoir toujours cherch&#233; &#224; &#8220;<em><a href="https://legrandcontinent.eu/fr/2025/10/24/peter-thiel-pensees-de-lantechrist/">contourner la politique des puissances et des principaut&#233;s mondiales</a></em>&#8221;, n&#8217;a-t-il pas fini, avec ses coreligionnaires, par subvertir l&#8217;&#201;tat lui-m&#234;me ?</p><p>Dubarle conclut ainsi, sur une mise en garde tragique : </p><p>(&#8230;)</p><blockquote><p><em>Nous risquons aujourd&#8217;hui une &#233;norme cit&#233; mondiale o&#249; l&#8217;injustice primitive d&#233;lib&#233;r&#233;e et consciente d&#8217;elle-m&#234;me serait la seule condition possible d&#8217;un bonheur statistique des masses, monde se rendant pire que l&#8217;enfer &#224; toute &#226;me lucide.</em></p></blockquote><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[« Si nous voulons combattre cette créature avec quelque espérance de succès, il nous faut la connaître en profondeur. »]]></title><description><![CDATA[De quelle cr&#233;ature la philosophe Shoshana Zuboff parle-t-elle ?]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/si-nous-voulons-combattre-cette-creature</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/si-nous-voulons-combattre-cette-creature</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 18 May 2026 10:00:48 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X8R0!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F305d9b32-4517-471e-8fec-356a1b6b6706_1706x2560.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X8R0!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F305d9b32-4517-471e-8fec-356a1b6b6706_1706x2560.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X8R0!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F305d9b32-4517-471e-8fec-356a1b6b6706_1706x2560.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X8R0!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F305d9b32-4517-471e-8fec-356a1b6b6706_1706x2560.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X8R0!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F305d9b32-4517-471e-8fec-356a1b6b6706_1706x2560.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X8R0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F305d9b32-4517-471e-8fec-356a1b6b6706_1706x2560.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X8R0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F305d9b32-4517-471e-8fec-356a1b6b6706_1706x2560.jpeg" width="1456" height="2185" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/305d9b32-4517-471e-8fec-356a1b6b6706_1706x2560.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:2185,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:196341,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://blog.alyghieri.com/i/198237767?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F305d9b32-4517-471e-8fec-356a1b6b6706_1706x2560.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X8R0!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F305d9b32-4517-471e-8fec-356a1b6b6706_1706x2560.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X8R0!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F305d9b32-4517-471e-8fec-356a1b6b6706_1706x2560.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X8R0!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F305d9b32-4517-471e-8fec-356a1b6b6706_1706x2560.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X8R0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F305d9b32-4517-471e-8fec-356a1b6b6706_1706x2560.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>De quelle cr&#233;ature la philosophe Shoshana Zuboff parle-t-elle ?</p><p>Du &#171; capitalisme de surveillance &#187;, qu&#8217;elle d&#233;finit ainsi :</p><ul><li><p>L&#8217;utilisation de l&#8217;exp&#233;rience humaine comme mati&#232;re premi&#232;re &#224; des fins commerciales</p></li><li><p>Une nouvelle architecture globale de modification des comportements</p></li><li><p>Une concentration sans pr&#233;c&#233;dent des richesses, savoirs et pouvoirs dans quelques acteurs publics et priv&#233;s</p></li><li><p>Une &#233;conomie de surveillance</p></li><li><p>La pr&#233;tention d&#8217;imposer un ordre fond&#233; sur &#171; des certitudes absolues &#187;</p></li><li><p>Un d&#233;fi &#224; la d&#233;mocratie de march&#233; et &#171; un renversement de la souverainet&#233; du peuple &#187;</p></li></ul><p>Pour la philosophe, &#171; <em>nous avan&#231;ons nus dans le si&#232;cle num&#233;rique</em> &#187;, sans le cadre r&#232;glementaire et politique n&#233;cessaire &#224; &#171; <em>un avenir compatible avec la d&#233;mocratie</em> &#187;. En 2019, elle estimait que &#171; les 10 prochaines ann&#233;es seront d&#233;cisives &#187;, ajoutant &#224; cet appel &#224; l&#8217;action une invitation &#224; la r&#233;flexion et l&#8217;investigation :</p><blockquote><p>&#171; <em>Nous ne pouvons lutter contre ce que nous ne comprenons pas. La ma&#238;trise des faits et de leur implications est essentielle</em> &#187;.</p></blockquote>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Pourquoi Américains et Européens ne se comprennent plus ?]]></title><description><![CDATA[&#192; propos d'un ouvrage de Robert Kagan]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/pourquoi-americains-et-europeens</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/pourquoi-americains-et-europeens</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 11 May 2026 11:13:44 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eeDa!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6ee5f99-37a4-4ac3-a79d-758f0eecbfcc_800x1283.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" 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1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eeDa!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6ee5f99-37a4-4ac3-a79d-758f0eecbfcc_800x1283.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eeDa!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6ee5f99-37a4-4ac3-a79d-758f0eecbfcc_800x1283.jpeg" width="800" height="1283" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eeDa!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6ee5f99-37a4-4ac3-a79d-758f0eecbfcc_800x1283.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eeDa!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6ee5f99-37a4-4ac3-a79d-758f0eecbfcc_800x1283.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eeDa!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6ee5f99-37a4-4ac3-a79d-758f0eecbfcc_800x1283.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eeDa!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb6ee5f99-37a4-4ac3-a79d-758f0eecbfcc_800x1283.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>&#192; (re)lire le n&#233;oconservateur Robert Kagan, on comprend que les divergences id&#233;ologiques entre les USA et l&#8217;Union europ&#233;enne remontent &#224; la fin de la guerre froide et n&#8217;ont fait que s&#8217;accentuer avec la guerre en Irak.</p><p>Quelques extraits d&#8217;un essai publi&#233; en 2004, qui donnent, 23 ans plus tard, une mise en contexte id&#233;ologique d&#233;tonnante aux derni&#232;res op&#233;rations militaires am&#233;ricaines :</p><blockquote><p>&#8220;<em>L&#8217;Am&#233;rique a toujours &#233;t&#233; f&#233;rocement jalouse de sa propre souverainet&#233; mais, tout au long de la guerre froide et, de fait, durant toute son histoire, elle s&#8217;est beaucoup moins pr&#233;occup&#233;e de la souverainet&#233; nationale des autres nations, se r&#233;servant le droit d&#8217;intervenir partout et n&#8217;importe o&#249;</em>.&#8221;</p></blockquote><p>(...)</p><blockquote><p>&#8220;<em>Aux yeux des Am&#233;ricains, un &#171; empire du mal &#187; ne saurait avoir de l&#233;gitimit&#233; ni de droits inviolables en tant qu&#8217;&#201;tat souverain.</em></p><p><em>&#192; cet &#233;gard, l&#8217;Am&#233;rique est et a toujours &#233;t&#233; une puissance r&#233;volutionnaire, bousculant parfois sans le vouloir mais avec obstination le statut quo partout o&#249; son influence s&#8217;est &#233;tendue.</em></p><p><em>De la g&#233;n&#233;ration des P&#232;res fondateurs &#224; nos jours, elle a toujours consid&#233;r&#233; que les tyrannies &#233;trang&#232;res &#233;taient transitoires, destin&#233;es &#224; c&#233;der devant les forces du r&#233;publicanisme lib&#233;r&#233; par sa propre r&#233;volution.</em></p><p><em>M&#234;me les dictatures alli&#233;es sont lui apparues par essence ill&#233;gitime. Quant aux tyrannies hostiles, elles ont toujours &#233;t&#233; consid&#233;r&#233;es comme un gibier &#224; pourchasser.</em>&#8221;</p><p>(...)</p></blockquote><blockquote><p>&#8220;<em>Les Europ&#233;ens, absorb&#233;s par la mise en oeuvre de changements radicaux sur leur propre continent, veulent un monde stable et sans surprise.</em>&#8221;</p></blockquote><p>(...)</p><blockquote><p>&#8220;<em>Plus de 80% des Am&#233;ricains estiment que la guerre peut instaurer la justice ; plus de 50% des Europ&#233;ens consid&#232;rent qu&#8217;aucune guerre, quelle qu&#8217;elle soit, ne pourra jamais &#234;tre juste</em>&#8221; (Transatlantic Trends 2003)</p></blockquote><p>Que donnerait ce m&#234;me sondage aujourd&#8217;hui ?</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Les jeunes Français passent un tiers de leur existence devant un écran]]></title><description><![CDATA[Soit 4 mois de leur vie &#233;veill&#233;e sur un an... Contre 3 jours devant un livre.]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/les-jeunes-francais-passent-un-tiers</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/les-jeunes-francais-passent-un-tiers</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 30 Apr 2026 09:56:26 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eg8o!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46d4a095-d9bd-4794-b2b2-1bacc73988dc_760x985.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eg8o!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46d4a095-d9bd-4794-b2b2-1bacc73988dc_760x985.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eg8o!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46d4a095-d9bd-4794-b2b2-1bacc73988dc_760x985.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eg8o!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46d4a095-d9bd-4794-b2b2-1bacc73988dc_760x985.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eg8o!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46d4a095-d9bd-4794-b2b2-1bacc73988dc_760x985.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eg8o!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46d4a095-d9bd-4794-b2b2-1bacc73988dc_760x985.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eg8o!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46d4a095-d9bd-4794-b2b2-1bacc73988dc_760x985.jpeg" width="760" height="985" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/46d4a095-d9bd-4794-b2b2-1bacc73988dc_760x985.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:985,&quot;width&quot;:760,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:53162,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://blog.alyghieri.com/i/195974816?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46d4a095-d9bd-4794-b2b2-1bacc73988dc_760x985.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eg8o!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46d4a095-d9bd-4794-b2b2-1bacc73988dc_760x985.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eg8o!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46d4a095-d9bd-4794-b2b2-1bacc73988dc_760x985.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eg8o!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46d4a095-d9bd-4794-b2b2-1bacc73988dc_760x985.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eg8o!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46d4a095-d9bd-4794-b2b2-1bacc73988dc_760x985.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Il y a quelque chose d&#8217;effrayant &#224; mettre des &#233;tudes en perspective.</p><p>Le CNL publiait <a href="https://centrenationaldulivre.fr/donnees-cles/les-jeunes-francais-et-la-lecture-en-2024">en 2024 une &#233;tude</a> faisant &#233;tat que &#171; les 16-19 ans passent en moyenne 5h10 par jour devant un &#233;cran &#187; pour seulement 12 minutes &#224; lire des livres, comme le rappelait l&#8217;&#233;crivain <a href="https://auxforgesdevulcain.fr/p/eric-pessan/">&#201;ric Pessan</a> dans une tr&#232;s belle chronique pour la revue <em>&#201;tude</em> publi&#233;e en janvier 2026.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!h83W!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe301d25f-8de3-45c7-b961-15d53e29d09a_1732x970.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!h83W!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe301d25f-8de3-45c7-b961-15d53e29d09a_1732x970.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!h83W!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe301d25f-8de3-45c7-b961-15d53e29d09a_1732x970.png 848w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!h83W!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe301d25f-8de3-45c7-b961-15d53e29d09a_1732x970.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!h83W!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe301d25f-8de3-45c7-b961-15d53e29d09a_1732x970.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!h83W!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe301d25f-8de3-45c7-b961-15d53e29d09a_1732x970.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!h83W!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe301d25f-8de3-45c7-b961-15d53e29d09a_1732x970.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Un apr&#232;s l&#8217;&#233;tude du CNL, <a href="https://www.statista.com/">l&#8217;institut Statista</a> observait que &#171; 5,1 milliards d&#8217;utilisateurs r&#233;guliers des r&#233;seaux sociaux y consacrent en moyenne 2h30 quotidienne &#187;, soit en moyenne &#171; deux mois de leur vie &#233;veill&#233;e &#187; rappelait de son c&#244;t&#233; Julien Nocetti dans <a href="https://www.puf.com/les-gafam-1">un tr&#232;s bon ouvrage sur les Gafam</a>.</p><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Mn9_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb77dff51-b16b-43b5-af9b-d62cb7c257b1_1102x1402.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Mn9_!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb77dff51-b16b-43b5-af9b-d62cb7c257b1_1102x1402.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Mn9_!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb77dff51-b16b-43b5-af9b-d62cb7c257b1_1102x1402.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Mn9_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb77dff51-b16b-43b5-af9b-d62cb7c257b1_1102x1402.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Mn9_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb77dff51-b16b-43b5-af9b-d62cb7c257b1_1102x1402.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Mn9_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb77dff51-b16b-43b5-af9b-d62cb7c257b1_1102x1402.png" width="1102" height="1402" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b77dff51-b16b-43b5-af9b-d62cb7c257b1_1102x1402.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1402,&quot;width&quot;:1102,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:153634,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://blog.alyghieri.com/i/195974816?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb77dff51-b16b-43b5-af9b-d62cb7c257b1_1102x1402.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Mn9_!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb77dff51-b16b-43b5-af9b-d62cb7c257b1_1102x1402.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Mn9_!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb77dff51-b16b-43b5-af9b-d62cb7c257b1_1102x1402.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Mn9_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb77dff51-b16b-43b5-af9b-d62cb7c257b1_1102x1402.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Mn9_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb77dff51-b16b-43b5-af9b-d62cb7c257b1_1102x1402.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Pour mettre en perspective cette nouvelle condition de l&#8217;homme moderne, le chercheur citait un &#233;conomiste aussi proph&#233;tique que m&#233;connu, l&#8217;am&#233;ricain <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-regards-croises-sur-l-economie-2018-1-page-54?lang=fr">Herbert Simon</a>, qui, <a href="https://gwern.net/doc/design/1971-simon.pdf">d&#232;s 1971</a>, pr&#233;disait le jeu &#224; somme nulle dans laquelle se d&#233;roule nos existences :</p><blockquote><p>&#171; <em>L&#8217;abondance d&#8217;informations implique une p&#233;nurie de ce que l&#8217;information consomme et ce que l&#8217;information consomme est &#233;vident : l&#8217;attention de ses destinataires. Une abondance d&#8217;informations implique par n&#233;cessit&#233; une p&#233;nurie d&#8217;attention. </em>&#187;</p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7bQ_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbb66a4e-d397-4ead-afc1-2fd01fd9acdb_5712x4284.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7bQ_!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbb66a4e-d397-4ead-afc1-2fd01fd9acdb_5712x4284.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7bQ_!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbb66a4e-d397-4ead-afc1-2fd01fd9acdb_5712x4284.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7bQ_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbb66a4e-d397-4ead-afc1-2fd01fd9acdb_5712x4284.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7bQ_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbb66a4e-d397-4ead-afc1-2fd01fd9acdb_5712x4284.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7bQ_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbb66a4e-d397-4ead-afc1-2fd01fd9acdb_5712x4284.jpeg" width="1456" height="1092" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/dbb66a4e-d397-4ead-afc1-2fd01fd9acdb_5712x4284.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1092,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:6540297,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://blog.alyghieri.com/i/195974816?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbb66a4e-d397-4ead-afc1-2fd01fd9acdb_5712x4284.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7bQ_!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbb66a4e-d397-4ead-afc1-2fd01fd9acdb_5712x4284.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7bQ_!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbb66a4e-d397-4ead-afc1-2fd01fd9acdb_5712x4284.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7bQ_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbb66a4e-d397-4ead-afc1-2fd01fd9acdb_5712x4284.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7bQ_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdbb66a4e-d397-4ead-afc1-2fd01fd9acdb_5712x4284.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h6 style="text-align: center;">photo : &#169;yrieixdenis</h6><p></p><p>La &#171; guerre cognitive &#187;, syntagme un peu ronflant, est une r&#233;alit&#233; tr&#232;s concr&#232;te, qui se jouait bien avant le num&#233;rique et qui aujourd&#8217;hui atteint une extr&#234;me acuit&#233;.</p><p>Une soci&#233;t&#233; humaniste doit prot&#233;ger tous les modes de savoir et de connaissance et ne pas laisser un mode, bras arm&#233; d&#8217;acteurs &#233;conomiques h&#233;g&#233;moniques, &#233;craser tous les autres au d&#233;triment de la culture et de la sant&#233; de tout une classe d&#8217;&#226;ge&#8230;</p><p>Dans <a href="https://www.payot-rivages.fr/payot/livre/les-sept-cit%C3%A9s-du-savoir-9782228931236">un fabuleux essai sur la transmission du savoir depuis l&#8217;antiquit&#233;</a> et sur la r&#233;volution scientifique de la Renaissance, l&#8217;historienne Violet Moller rappelait :</p><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;Cette r&#233;volution scientifique n&#8217;aurait pas &#233;t&#233; possible sans les si&#232;cles de r&#233;flexion, de recherche et d&#8217;&#233;criture qui les avaient pr&#233;c&#233;d&#233;es et avaient tiss&#233; des fils de savoir ininterrompus. Immortalis&#233;es sur la page, les id&#233;es scientifiques firent le tour du monde m&#233;diterran&#233;en, illuminant diff&#233;rents lieux &#224; diff&#233;rents moments d&#8217;l&#8217;Histoire.&#8221;</em> </p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VnnU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1991fecf-5478-4312-a0de-cc4e78542b5d_902x1232.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VnnU!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1991fecf-5478-4312-a0de-cc4e78542b5d_902x1232.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VnnU!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1991fecf-5478-4312-a0de-cc4e78542b5d_902x1232.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VnnU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1991fecf-5478-4312-a0de-cc4e78542b5d_902x1232.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VnnU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1991fecf-5478-4312-a0de-cc4e78542b5d_902x1232.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VnnU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1991fecf-5478-4312-a0de-cc4e78542b5d_902x1232.png" width="902" height="1232" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1991fecf-5478-4312-a0de-cc4e78542b5d_902x1232.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1232,&quot;width&quot;:902,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1135289,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://blog.alyghieri.com/i/195974816?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1991fecf-5478-4312-a0de-cc4e78542b5d_902x1232.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VnnU!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1991fecf-5478-4312-a0de-cc4e78542b5d_902x1232.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VnnU!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1991fecf-5478-4312-a0de-cc4e78542b5d_902x1232.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VnnU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1991fecf-5478-4312-a0de-cc4e78542b5d_902x1232.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VnnU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1991fecf-5478-4312-a0de-cc4e78542b5d_902x1232.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>3 ans avant Herbert Simon, l&#8217;&#233;conomiste fran&#231;ais <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Elgozy">Georges Elgozy</a>, un auteur oubli&#233; &#224; tord, publiait en 1968 <em>Automatisme et humanisme</em>. Pour lui, l&#8217;<em>automation</em> (la conjonction de l&#8217;automatisation et de l&#8217;informatique) &#233;tait cens&#233; &#8220;&#233;pargner des travaux manuels ou mentaux r&#233;p&#233;titifs.&#8221; </p><p>Mais est-ce bien le cas lorsque le consommateur &#8220;scroll&#8221; son &#233;cran au service de GAFAM qui tirent leurs revenus de la publicit&#233; ?</p><p>Georges Elgozy allait m&#234;me jusqu&#8217;&#224; pr&#233;dire, non sans cet humour plein d&#8217;ironie qui fit sa renomm&#233;e : </p><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;Alors qu&#8217;au si&#232;cle dernier la classe ouvri&#232;re &#233;tait uniform&#233;ment analphab&#232;te, le niveau intellectuel moyen du travailleur fran&#231;ais&nbsp;&#8212;&nbsp;qui atteint celui du certificat d&#8217;&#233;tudes&nbsp;&#8212;&nbsp;s&#8217;alignera vers 1985 sur celui du bachelier. Par extrapolation, on pourrait estimer qu&#8217;en l&#8217;an 2000 il rejoindra celui d&#8217;un polytechnicien. Et m&#234;me d&#8217;un &#171;&nbsp;X&nbsp;&#187; am&#233;lior&#233;, dont les connaissances polyth&#233;oriques&nbsp;&#8212;&nbsp;qui comprendraient enfin l&#8217;informatique et l&#8217;automatique&nbsp;&#8212;&nbsp;seraient assorties d&#8217;une polytechnicit&#233; pratique, voire d&#8217;une philosophie et d&#8217;un sens de l&#8217;humour que n&#8217;enseigne &#224; ce jour aucune &#233;cole.&#8221;</em></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iWMy!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc2c3c52b-f6d1-4fb0-a581-dd8a1f3ae06e_911x1500.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iWMy!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc2c3c52b-f6d1-4fb0-a581-dd8a1f3ae06e_911x1500.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iWMy!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc2c3c52b-f6d1-4fb0-a581-dd8a1f3ae06e_911x1500.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iWMy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc2c3c52b-f6d1-4fb0-a581-dd8a1f3ae06e_911x1500.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iWMy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc2c3c52b-f6d1-4fb0-a581-dd8a1f3ae06e_911x1500.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iWMy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc2c3c52b-f6d1-4fb0-a581-dd8a1f3ae06e_911x1500.jpeg" width="911" height="1500" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c2c3c52b-f6d1-4fb0-a581-dd8a1f3ae06e_911x1500.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1500,&quot;width&quot;:911,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:303986,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://blog.alyghieri.com/i/195974816?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc2c3c52b-f6d1-4fb0-a581-dd8a1f3ae06e_911x1500.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iWMy!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc2c3c52b-f6d1-4fb0-a581-dd8a1f3ae06e_911x1500.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iWMy!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc2c3c52b-f6d1-4fb0-a581-dd8a1f3ae06e_911x1500.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iWMy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc2c3c52b-f6d1-4fb0-a581-dd8a1f3ae06e_911x1500.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!iWMy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc2c3c52b-f6d1-4fb0-a581-dd8a1f3ae06e_911x1500.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Quelque part, le voeu de Georges Elgozy a &#233;t&#233; largement exauc&#233;. </p><p>N&#8217;avons-nous pas aujourd&#8217;hui le privil&#232;ge rare de pouvoir &#233;couter en boucle, sur <em>YouTube</em>, Michel l&#8217;ing&#233;nieur informaticien ? </p><div id="youtube2-rlarCLhzfoU" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;rlarCLhzfoU&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/rlarCLhzfoU?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[“45 % de la population mondiale subit un conflit militaire ou une guerre civile” ]]></title><description><![CDATA[C&#8217;est le constat gla&#231;ant que faisait le FMI il y a 15 jours, &#224; Washington.]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/45-de-la-population-mondiale-subit</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/45-de-la-population-mondiale-subit</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 28 Apr 2026 10:05:30 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHzX!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e91e9f-c2e2-4acf-8319-4db1f0ea13ea_700x1162.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHzX!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e91e9f-c2e2-4acf-8319-4db1f0ea13ea_700x1162.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHzX!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e91e9f-c2e2-4acf-8319-4db1f0ea13ea_700x1162.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHzX!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e91e9f-c2e2-4acf-8319-4db1f0ea13ea_700x1162.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHzX!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e91e9f-c2e2-4acf-8319-4db1f0ea13ea_700x1162.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHzX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e91e9f-c2e2-4acf-8319-4db1f0ea13ea_700x1162.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHzX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e91e9f-c2e2-4acf-8319-4db1f0ea13ea_700x1162.png" width="700" height="1162" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHzX!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e91e9f-c2e2-4acf-8319-4db1f0ea13ea_700x1162.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHzX!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e91e9f-c2e2-4acf-8319-4db1f0ea13ea_700x1162.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHzX!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e91e9f-c2e2-4acf-8319-4db1f0ea13ea_700x1162.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dHzX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94e91e9f-c2e2-4acf-8319-4db1f0ea13ea_700x1162.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><br>Cette situation devrait malheureusement durer. <br><br>Le diplomate fran&#231;ais Jean-Baptiste Jeang&#232;ne Vilmer rappelait dans un essai crucial (<em><a href="https://www.seuil.com/ouvrage/le-reveil-strategique-jean-baptiste-jeangene-vilmer/9782021527490">Le r&#233;veil strat&#233;gique</a></em><a href="https://www.seuil.com/ouvrage/le-reveil-strategique-jean-baptiste-jeangene-vilmer/9782021527490">, Seuil, 2024</a>) :<br><br>&#8220;Tous les environnements deviennent contest&#233;s, dans toutes les dimensions&#8221;.<br><br>Et ce, pour au moins 5 raisons &#233;tudi&#233;es il y a plus de 10 ans par le diplomate : <br><br>- Diffusion, fracturation et polarisation de la puissances <br>- Interd&#233;pendance des crises (dont climatiques)<br>- Affaiblissement des arbitres r&#233;gionaux<br>- Diversion de l&#8217;attention m&#233;diatique internationale<br>- Radicalisation des grandes puissances (Bruno Tertrais)<br><br>&#8220;<em>Plus de 117 millions de personnes &#233;taient d&#233;plac&#233;s de force en 2023</em>&#8221;, rappelait l&#8217;essayiste, tandis que &#8220;<em>281 millions de personnes dans 59 pays, sont dans un &#233;tat d&#8217;ins&#233;curit&#233; alimentaire</em>&#8221;. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8o1k!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F40bbb774-c850-4203-b6e9-fbac8ce7eff2_329x500.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8o1k!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F40bbb774-c850-4203-b6e9-fbac8ce7eff2_329x500.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8o1k!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F40bbb774-c850-4203-b6e9-fbac8ce7eff2_329x500.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8o1k!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F40bbb774-c850-4203-b6e9-fbac8ce7eff2_329x500.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8o1k!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F40bbb774-c850-4203-b6e9-fbac8ce7eff2_329x500.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Plus que jamais, la s&#233;curit&#233; de la soci&#233;t&#233; civile est un enjeu, sur tous les fronts (des cha&#238;nes d&#8217;approvisionnement aux solutions antidrones), dans toutes les dimensions (particuli&#232;rement cyber !). <br><br>J&#8217;&#233;tais heureux d&#8217;intervenir sur ces sujets hier aux c&#244;t&#233;s d&#8217;<a href="https://www.we-consulting.com/">Aubry Pierens</a> &#224; l&#8217;occasion d&#8217;un s&#233;minaire de management aupr&#232;s d&#8217;un comex du secteur financier.<br><br>Les dirigeants fran&#231;ais, entrepreneurs comme investisseurs, ont effet un r&#244;le &#233;minent &#224; jouer dans notre s&#233;curit&#233; collective, en privil&#233;giant des solutions europ&#233;ennes, souveraines, et optant pour la relocalisation de nos activit&#233;s critiques : agroalimentaire, industries de d&#233;fense, cybers&#233;curit&#233;, deeptech...</p><p><em><strong><a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2026/04/13/la-guerre-nouvel-horizon-de-l-economie-mondiale_6679671_3234.html">Source de l&#8217;infographie </a></strong></em></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Pourquoi « l’informatique confidentielle » est l’avenir de la cybersécurité ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Et pourquoi un acteur fran&#231;ais comme Thal&#232;s est incontournable sur ce sujet]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/pourquoi-linformatique-confidentielle</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/pourquoi-linformatique-confidentielle</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 10:19:55 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/youtube/w_728,c_limit/uvpXwLBF1mM" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="youtube2-uvpXwLBF1mM" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;uvpXwLBF1mM&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/uvpXwLBF1mM?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div><p><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/raghu-yeluri-17550/">Raghu Yeluri </a>est sp&#233;cialiste en cybers&#233;curit&#233; chez Intel. Il intervenait r&#233;cemment au forum am&#233;ricain <a href="https://unpromptedcon.org/">[Un]prompted</a>, d&#233;di&#233; &#224; la s&#233;curit&#233; de l&#8217;intelligence artificielle (nous en parlions dans <a href="https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/lequilibre-delicat-que-nous-avons">un pr&#233;c&#233;dent article</a>).</p><p>Son sujet ? La protection des donn&#233;es sensibles pendant leur traitement par des agents IA.</p><p>L&#8217;enjeu est majeur, parce que la protection des donn&#233;es <em>pendant</em> l&#8217;ex&#233;cution des agents est le maillon faible de la cybers&#233;curit&#233;.</p><p>Nous savons tous que les agents IA ont acc&#232;s &#224; un tas de choses pr&#233;cieuses :</p><ul><li><p>des identit&#233;s (d&#8217;utilisateurs, d&#8217;outils, d&#8217;API&#8230;)</p></li><li><p>des m&#233;tadonn&#233;es</p></li><li><p>des donn&#233;es (RAG, donn&#233;es d&#8217;entra&#238;nement/de r&#233;glage etc.)</p></li><li><p>des prompts (qui peuvent en dire long sur une activit&#233; ou une vie priv&#233;e)</p></li><li><p>Etc.</p></li></ul><p>Ce dont profite particuli&#232;rement les cyberattaquants, faisant preuve d&#8217;<a href="https://atlas.mitre.org/matrices/ATLAS">une &#233;bouriffante panoplie de tactiques offensives</a> pour manipuler, d&#233;tourner ou siphonner les agents IA.</p><p>C&#8217;est d&#8217;autant plus pr&#233;occupant que certaines actions des agents sont irr&#233;versibles (Raghu Yeluri cite les transactions financi&#232;res, les mouvements de v&#233;hicules autonomes ou encore les transactions d&#8217;exp&#233;dition).</p><p>C&#8217;est ici qu&#8217;entre en jeu l&#8217;informatique confidentielle (<em>confidential computing</em>).</p><p>Que signifie concr&#232;tement ce syntagme faussement lumineux ?</p><p>C&#8217;est &#171; l&#8217;ensemble de technologies qui permettent de prot&#233;ger les donn&#233;es sensibles pendant leur traitement &#187; (IBM).</p><p>On arrive donc enfin &#224; notre sujet. Enfin, &#224; celui de Raghu Yeluri.</p><p>Le sp&#233;cialiste planche depuis des ann&#233;es sur des solutions garantissant une informatique confidentielle, en l&#8217;occurence, &#171; des IA con&#231;ue pour fournir des garanties de confidentialit&#233; et de confiance en s&#8217;ex&#233;cutant dans des environnements d&#8217;ex&#233;cution attest&#233;s et s&#233;curis&#233;s par du mat&#233;riel de confiance &#187; (vous pouvez reprendre votre souffle).</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YRa8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6b517e7e-ad72-49eb-b589-589581b153e4_2188x1232.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YRa8!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6b517e7e-ad72-49eb-b589-589581b153e4_2188x1232.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YRa8!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6b517e7e-ad72-49eb-b589-589581b153e4_2188x1232.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YRa8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6b517e7e-ad72-49eb-b589-589581b153e4_2188x1232.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YRa8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6b517e7e-ad72-49eb-b589-589581b153e4_2188x1232.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YRa8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6b517e7e-ad72-49eb-b589-589581b153e4_2188x1232.png" width="1456" height="820" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YRa8!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6b517e7e-ad72-49eb-b589-589581b153e4_2188x1232.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YRa8!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6b517e7e-ad72-49eb-b589-589581b153e4_2188x1232.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YRa8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6b517e7e-ad72-49eb-b589-589581b153e4_2188x1232.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YRa8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6b517e7e-ad72-49eb-b589-589581b153e4_2188x1232.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h6 style="text-align: center;"><s>Hi&#233;roglyphe </s>extrait de la pr&#233;sentation de Raghu Yeluri (1)</h6><p>Tout &#231;a pour quoi ?</p><p>Pour s&#8217;assurer que les informations sensibles trait&#233;es par l&#8217;agent IA restent confidentielles et accessibles uniquement aux entit&#233;s autoris&#233;es.</p><p>Pour cela, &#171; l&#8217;IA confidentielle &#187; (soyons fou, osons une transcription litt&#233;rale), repose sur 3 piliers :</p><p>1/ <strong>Un environnements d&#8217;ex&#233;cution de confiance</strong> : le <em>hardware</em> garantit un espace totalement isol&#233;e. Tout ce qui se passe &#224; l&#8217;int&#233;rieur est invisible pour l&#8217;ext&#233;rieur. M&#234;me le propri&#233;taire du serveur cloud n&#8217;a aucun moyen de voir ou de copier ce qui s&#8217;y trouve.</p><p>2/ <strong>Un chiffrement &#171; en cours d&#8217;utilisation &#187; :</strong> habituellement, on prot&#232;ge les donn&#233;es quand on les stocke ou quand on les envoie. Avec l&#8217;IA confidentielle, les donn&#233;es restent chiffr&#233;es m&#234;me pendant que l&#8217;IA travaille.</p><p>3/ <strong>Un certificat de confiance </strong>: avant d&#8217;envoyer vos donn&#233;es sensibles &#224; l&#8217;IA, le syst&#232;me agit comme un vigile, en fournissant une preuve cryptographique que la chambre forte est l&#233;gitime, qu&#8217;elle n&#8217;a pas &#233;t&#233; pirat&#233;e, et qu&#8217;elle ex&#233;cute exactement le bon programme.</p><p>C&#8217;est pour notre deuxi&#232;me pilier qu&#8217;entre en jeu Thal&#232;s et sa solution de chiffrement <a href="https://cpl.thalesgroup.com/encryption/data-security-platform">CipherTrust</a> :</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0RFd!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff05e405b-a614-4737-9ba9-276012810c2a_2190x1234.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0RFd!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff05e405b-a614-4737-9ba9-276012810c2a_2190x1234.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0RFd!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff05e405b-a614-4737-9ba9-276012810c2a_2190x1234.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0RFd!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff05e405b-a614-4737-9ba9-276012810c2a_2190x1234.png 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h6 style="text-align: center;">Deuxi&#232;me<s> hi&#233;roglyphe </s>extrait de la pr&#233;sentation de Raghu Yeluri (2)</h6><p></p><p>Cette slide, certes moins lumineuse que la premi&#232;re (et pour lesquelles on pourrait d&#8217;ailleurs passer 12h avec un comit&#233; d&#8217;experts pluridisciplinaires) nous raconte quoi, en fin de compte ?</p><p><strong>Que la cryptographie fran&#231;aise est cit&#233; en exemple par un expert mondial, lors de la grand-messe des gourous de la cybers&#233;curit&#233; de l&#8217;IA, qui plus est &#224; propos d&#8217;un secteur &#233;minemment sensible, comme la sant&#233;. A armes &#233;gales avec Google.</strong> </p><p>Et &#231;a, c&#8217;est une tr&#232;s bonne nouvelle. </p><p style="text-align: right;"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/yrieixdenis/">Yrieix Denis</a></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!deOh!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c6421a4-54b6-4422-9343-861ba205f9bd_2236x1260.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!deOh!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c6421a4-54b6-4422-9343-861ba205f9bd_2236x1260.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!deOh!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c6421a4-54b6-4422-9343-861ba205f9bd_2236x1260.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!deOh!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c6421a4-54b6-4422-9343-861ba205f9bd_2236x1260.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!deOh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c6421a4-54b6-4422-9343-861ba205f9bd_2236x1260.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!deOh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c6421a4-54b6-4422-9343-861ba205f9bd_2236x1260.png" width="1456" height="820" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9c6421a4-54b6-4422-9343-861ba205f9bd_2236x1260.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:820,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:722412,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://blog.alyghieri.com/i/195221030?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c6421a4-54b6-4422-9343-861ba205f9bd_2236x1260.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!deOh!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c6421a4-54b6-4422-9343-861ba205f9bd_2236x1260.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!deOh!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c6421a4-54b6-4422-9343-861ba205f9bd_2236x1260.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!deOh!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c6421a4-54b6-4422-9343-861ba205f9bd_2236x1260.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!deOh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c6421a4-54b6-4422-9343-861ba205f9bd_2236x1260.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>P.S: Mais vous allez me demander, fort &#224; propos : alors si nous avons de si puissantes solutions <em>made in France</em>, <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2026/04/22/fuite-de-donnees-a-l-ants-site-qui-gere-les-demandes-de-pieces-d-identite-ce-que-l-on-sait_6682414_4408996.html">pourquoi tant de nos donn&#233;es personnelles sont-elles aujourd&#8217;hui dans la nature</a> ?</p><p>Cela, c&#8217;est une question de fond que nous traiterons une autre fois. </p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[La défense russe ne serait plus « un mammouth bureaucratique mais un hub entrepreneurial »]]></title><description><![CDATA[C&#8217;est la th&#232;se d&#233;fendue par la chercheuse du CSIS Kateryna Bondar]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/la-defense-russe-ne-serait-plus-un</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/la-defense-russe-ne-serait-plus-un</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 22 Apr 2026 10:31:29 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/youtube/w_728,c_limit/qov0VI9X130" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="youtube2-qov0VI9X130" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;qov0VI9X130&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/qov0VI9X130?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div><p>S&#8217;inspirant de son adversaire ukrainien, parvenu &#224; cr&#233;er &#171; <em><a href="https://opexnews.fr/rheinmetall-papperger-lego-drones-ukrainiens-aveuglement-strategique-europe/">un &#233;cosyst&#232;me industriel et humain enti&#232;rement in&#233;dit, horizontal, r&#233;silient, capable d&#8217;it&#233;rer en temps r&#233;el</a></em> &#187; (Pierre Sauveton), la Russie aurait, en 4 ans, reb&#226;ti int&#233;gralement son &#233;cosyst&#232;me de d&#233;fense.</p><p>D&#8217;apr&#232;s la chercheuse am&#233;ricaine, les Russes ont appliqu&#233; 7 principes :</p><ul><li><p>Lancer et tester ce qui marche, sans attendre ce qui est parfait</p></li><li><p>Ne prendre en compte que les r&#233;sultats obtenus sur le terrain</p></li><li><p>Industrialiser l&#8217;innovation &#224; grande &#233;chelle</p></li><li><p>Opter pour des logiciels r&#233;solvent de probl&#232;mes concrets, plut&#244;t que pour des architectures globales complexes</p></li><li><p>Encourager l&#8217;initiative priv&#233;e, d&#233;centraliser l&#8217;industrie du drone et de la guerre &#233;lectronique</p></li><li><p>Ne respecter aucun garde-fou &#233;thique en mati&#232;re de syst&#232;me d&#8217;arme l&#233;tales autonomes (!)</p></li><li><p>Faire de l&#8217;int&#233;gration civile et militaire et de l&#8217;IA une priorit&#233; nationale : la Russie vise 1 million de sp&#233;cialistes drones/IA en 2030 (!)</p></li></ul><p>Pour la sp&#233;cialiste, les USA n&#8217;ont pas pris toute la mesure de ces changements.</p><p>Le pays est trop concentr&#233; sur l&#8217;achat et non l&#8217;int&#233;gration et l&#8217;adaptation des nouveaux syst&#232;mes d&#8217;armes aux unit&#233;s combattantes.</p><p>Le syst&#232;me traditionnel, centralis&#233;, lent et tr&#232;s peu int&#233;gr&#233; &#224; la sph&#232;re civile aurait une &#233;poque de retard.</p><p>Et l&#8217;Europe ?</p><blockquote><p>&#171; <em>Les enjeux d&#233;passent la guerre en Ukraine. Les &#201;tats-Unis l&#8217;ont appris &#224; leurs d&#233;pends en Iran. Les drones Shahed iraniens d&#233;ploy&#233;s par T&#233;h&#233;ran avec le soutien russe ont frapp&#233; du mat&#233;riel et des installations am&#233;ricains au Moyen-Orient. Les progr&#232;s que Moscou r&#233;alise dans la guerre autonome rendront ces attaques par drones encore plus d&#233;vastatrices. Comprendre l&#8217;approche russe de l&#8217;avenir de la guerre est urgent.</em> &#187; (Kateryna Bondar)</p></blockquote><p><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/21/opinion/russia-drones-putin-ukraine-war.html?smid=nytcore-ios-share">Une enqu&#234;te &#224; lire sur le </a><em><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/21/opinion/russia-drones-putin-ukraine-war.html?smid=nytcore-ios-share">New York Time</a> </em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3DV!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff27361ce-c286-43fc-a908-9385f03bacb7_1280x968.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3DV!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff27361ce-c286-43fc-a908-9385f03bacb7_1280x968.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3DV!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff27361ce-c286-43fc-a908-9385f03bacb7_1280x968.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3DV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff27361ce-c286-43fc-a908-9385f03bacb7_1280x968.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3DV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff27361ce-c286-43fc-a908-9385f03bacb7_1280x968.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3DV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff27361ce-c286-43fc-a908-9385f03bacb7_1280x968.png" width="1280" height="968" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f27361ce-c286-43fc-a908-9385f03bacb7_1280x968.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:968,&quot;width&quot;:1280,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1682919,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://blog.alyghieri.com/i/195017537?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff27361ce-c286-43fc-a908-9385f03bacb7_1280x968.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3DV!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff27361ce-c286-43fc-a908-9385f03bacb7_1280x968.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3DV!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff27361ce-c286-43fc-a908-9385f03bacb7_1280x968.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3DV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff27361ce-c286-43fc-a908-9385f03bacb7_1280x968.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I3DV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff27361ce-c286-43fc-a908-9385f03bacb7_1280x968.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h6 style="text-align: center;">Drone russe 100% autonome V2U</h6><p style="text-align: center;"></p><h3><strong>BONUS </strong></h3><p>Nos extraits choisis de <strong><a href="https://opexnews.fr/rheinmetall-papperger-lego-drones-ukrainiens-aveuglement-strategique-europe/">la remarquable analyse de Pierre Sauveton</a></strong>, &#224; propos d&#8217;un <a href="https://www.ifri.org/en/studies/mapping-miltech-war-eight-lessons-ukraines-battlefield">rapport de l&#8217;IFRI sur l&#8217;&#233;cosyst&#232;me de d&#233;fense ukrainien</a> :</p><blockquote><p><em>"Les Ukrainiens n&#8217;ont pas invent&#233; le drone : ils ont invent&#233; la guerre participative"<br><br>"Un drone kamikaze ukrainien co&#251;te environ 400 dollars &#224; fabriquer. Il peut d&#233;truire un char qui en vaut deux millions. Un commandant ukrainien a rapport&#233; le cas d&#8217;un drone &#224; 500 dollars ayant d&#233;truit un syst&#232;me de d&#233;fense a&#233;rienne russe &#224; 25 millions, soit un rapport de 1 pour 50 000." <br><br>"Aucun syst&#232;me d&#8217;armes dans l&#8217;histoire de la guerre moderne n&#8217;a jamais affich&#233; un tel ratio co&#251;t-destruction. Pour les chars, c&#8217;est encore plus net : des milliers ont &#233;t&#233; d&#233;truits des deux c&#244;t&#233;s depuis le d&#233;but de la guerre en Ukraine, en grande majorit&#233; par des drones. La quasi-totalit&#233; des chars que la Russie poss&#233;dait au d&#233;but de l&#8217;invasion avait &#233;t&#233; d&#233;truite au printemps de l&#8217;ann&#233;e derni&#232;re, selon des estimations militaires am&#233;ricaines."<br><br>"Les chiffres de pertes parlent d&#8217;eux-m&#234;mes. Selon le rapport Mapping the MilTech War de l&#8217;<strong>IFRI</strong> publi&#233; en f&#233;vrier dernier &#224; la suite d&#8217;enqu&#234;tes de terrain en Ukraine, les drones sont responsables de 70 &#224; 80 % des pertes mat&#233;rielles sur certains secteurs du front." <br><br>"En moins de cinq ans, ce qui n&#8217;&#233;tait qu&#8217;un gadget utile est devenu l&#8217;arme qui structure l&#8217;ensemble du conflit. Avant ce basculement, l&#8217;artillerie causait plus de 80 % des pertes des deux c&#244;t&#233;s. Aujourd&#8217;hui, les drones en repr&#233;sentent une proportion encore plus importante."<br><br>"Dire que &#171; c&#8217;est de l&#8217;assemblage, pas de l&#8217;invention &#187; r&#233;v&#232;le une incompr&#233;hension fondamentale de ce que signifie innover en temps de guerre. Les Ukrainiens n&#8217;ont pas fabriqu&#233; leurs rotors ni leurs puces. Mais ils ont construit quelque chose de bien plus difficile &#224; reproduire : un &#233;cosyst&#232;me industriel et humain enti&#232;rement in&#233;dit, horizontal, r&#233;silient, capable d&#8217;it&#233;rer en temps r&#233;el. "<br><br>"Henry Ford n&#8217;a pas invent&#233; la voiture. Il a invent&#233; la fa&#231;on de la produire en masse. Les Ukrainiens n&#8217;ont pas invent&#233; le drone. Ils ont invent&#233; la guerre participative."<br><br>(&#8230;)<br><br>"Le r&#233;sultat est vertigineux. Chaque mois, 200 000 drones sont livr&#233;s aux troupes ukrainiennes. Ce chiffre &#233;tait inf&#233;rieur &#224; 150 000 unit&#233;s annuelles en 2023. En deux ans, la production a &#233;t&#233; multipli&#233;e par seize."<br><br>(&#8230;)<br><br>"Le rapport de l&#8217;IFRI est explicite : &#171; Le succ&#232;s sur le champ de bataille moderne d&#233;pend moins de la capacit&#233; individuelle des armes plateforme que de l&#8217;interaction syst&#233;mique et de la synergie des technologies interconnect&#233;es. &#187;<br><br>(&#8230;)<br><br>"Les drones et la puissance militaire classique ne s&#8217;excluent pas. Ils forment un tout. Le probl&#232;me est que l&#8217;industrie de d&#233;fense occidentale, Rheinmetall en t&#234;te, investit massivement dans la deuxi&#232;me cat&#233;gorie sans vraiment construire les conditions de la premi&#232;re."</em></p></blockquote>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Alyghieri invité par le média ANews Sécurité]]></title><description><![CDATA[&#192; propos de notre ouvrage aux &#233;ditions de l'AFNOR sur l'intelligence artificielle et ses enjeux cyber]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/alyghieri-invite-par-le-media-anews</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/alyghieri-invite-par-le-media-anews</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 21 Apr 2026 14:25:51 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/youtube/w_728,c_limit/S6rlriUQoQg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="youtube2-S6rlriUQoQg" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;S6rlriUQoQg&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/S6rlriUQoQg?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div><p style="text-align: center;">Merci &#224; <em><a href="https://www.anews-securite.fr/articles/349d8293-5a3d-f111-8ef3-000d3a4af15b">Agora News</a></em> pour son aimable critique :</p><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;Loin des discours sensationnalistes, cette &#233;mission propose une lecture lucide et structur&#233;e de l&#8217;IA, centr&#233;e sur la ma&#238;trise, la responsabilit&#233; et le discernement. Elle s&#8217;adresse en priorit&#233; aux dirigeants, managers et d&#233;cideurs confront&#233;s &#224; l&#8217;int&#233;gration de ces technologies dans leurs activit&#233;s.</em></p><p><em>Au fil de l&#8217;&#233;change, Yrieix Denis d&#233;construit plusieurs id&#233;es re&#231;ues, notamment celle d&#8217;une IA autonome et infaillible. Il rappelle que ces syst&#232;mes restent avant tout des outils, dont la pertinence d&#233;pend du cadre dans lequel ils sont utilis&#233;s.</em></p><p><em>L&#8217;&#233;mission explore &#233;galement un point cl&#233; de l&#8217;ouvrage : l&#8217;impossibilit&#233; de dissocier les dimensions techniques, &#233;thiques et juridiques. Une approche cloisonn&#233;e exposerait les organisations &#224; des risques majeurs, parfois invisibles &#224; court terme.</em></p><p><em>Autre enjeu central : la responsabilit&#233; des d&#233;cideurs. Face &#224; l&#8217;IA, leur r&#244;le &#233;volue vers un pilotage fond&#233; sur un jugement &#233;clair&#233;, entre confiance et vigilance.</em></p><p><em>Enfin, des bonnes pratiques concr&#232;tes sont partag&#233;es, avec un objectif clair : aider les entreprises &#224; structurer une gouvernance efficace de l&#8217;IA.</em></p><p><em>Une &#233;mission essentielle pour mieux comprendre non pas ce que l&#8217;IA promet, mais ce qu&#8217;elle exige r&#233;ellement des organisations aujourd&#8217;hui.&#8221;</em></p></blockquote><p></p><p><a href="https://www.anews-securite.fr/articles/349d8293-5a3d-f111-8ef3-000d3a4af15b">Pour regarder l&#8217;&#233;mission c&#8217;est ici </a></p><p><a href="https://www.fnac.com/a22060208/Anaelle-Martin-IA-Techniques-ethique-juridique-et-bonnes-pratiques">Pour commander l&#8217;ouvrage, c&#8217;est l&#224;</a></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Pourquoi l’EFF met en garde contre un prolongement de la loi FISA ?]]></title><description><![CDATA[La surveillance de masse par la NSA n'a fait que s'aggraver depuis les r&#233;v&#233;lations Snowden]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/pourquoi-leff-met-en-garde-contre</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/pourquoi-leff-met-en-garde-contre</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 20 Apr 2026 10:53:07 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hf9e!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3bd3ab01-6be7-4a8d-bd8f-6259ac6f833e_5472x3648.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hf9e!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3bd3ab01-6be7-4a8d-bd8f-6259ac6f833e_5472x3648.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hf9e!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3bd3ab01-6be7-4a8d-bd8f-6259ac6f833e_5472x3648.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hf9e!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3bd3ab01-6be7-4a8d-bd8f-6259ac6f833e_5472x3648.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hf9e!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3bd3ab01-6be7-4a8d-bd8f-6259ac6f833e_5472x3648.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hf9e!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3bd3ab01-6be7-4a8d-bd8f-6259ac6f833e_5472x3648.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hf9e!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3bd3ab01-6be7-4a8d-bd8f-6259ac6f833e_5472x3648.jpeg" width="1456" height="971" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hf9e!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3bd3ab01-6be7-4a8d-bd8f-6259ac6f833e_5472x3648.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hf9e!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3bd3ab01-6be7-4a8d-bd8f-6259ac6f833e_5472x3648.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hf9e!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3bd3ab01-6be7-4a8d-bd8f-6259ac6f833e_5472x3648.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Hf9e!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3bd3ab01-6be7-4a8d-bd8f-6259ac6f833e_5472x3648.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h6 style="text-align: center;">&#169;Chris Yang / Unsplash</h6><p></p><p>En 2013, Edward Snowden r&#233;v&#233;lait l&#8217;ampleur des capacit&#233;s d&#8217;espionnage num&#233;rique de la NSA.</p><p>Dans le cadre de <a href="https://www.portail-ie.fr/univers/risques-et-gouvernance-cyber/2024/lespionnage-massif-des-europeens-reautorise-par-la-loi-americaine-fisa/#:~:text=Renouvellement%20du%20FISA%20jusqu'%C3%A0%20avril%202024&amp;text=Parmi%20les%20programmes%20renouvel%C3%A9s%20se,les%20donn%C3%A9es%20sur%20les%20Am%C3%A9ricains.">la Section 702 de la loi FISA</a>, et du programme PRISM (lanc&#233; en 2007), l&#8217;agence de renseignement collecte des donn&#233;es directement des GAFAM.</p><p>Et depuis 2008, la NSA n&#8217;a plus besoin d&#8217;un mandat individuel pour chaque cible.</p><p>Et en plus de cette capacit&#233; de recueil &#224; la source, la NSA a d&#233;velopp&#233; un programme de collecte de masse.</p><p>Avec <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/interactive/2013/jul/31/nsa-xkeyscore-program-full-presentation">un outil comme XKeyscore par exemple</a>, l&#8217;agence am&#233;ricaine interceptait en effet des milliards de donn&#233;es du trafic Web.</p><p>Comment ? Par le truchement de capacit&#233;s d&#8217;&#233;coute sur des points de passage du trafic internet (c&#226;bles sous-marins, routeurs dorsaux, etc.).</p><p>Puis, gr&#226;ce &#224; un search d&#233;j&#224; tr&#232;s performant, permettant de s&#233;lectionner des signaux faibles (comportements, langues, outils de chiffrement utilis&#233;es etc.), la NSA pouvait chercher des aiguilles dans des bottes de foin.</p><p>Par exemple, chercher &#171; les locuteurs allemands install&#233;s au Pakistan et utilisant le r&#233;seau TOR &#187;.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AYrd!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc68a86e6-f54a-4df7-862d-754690559d41_1336x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!urkP!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3898b7b2-6cdd-42f4-ba92-bf8d11625a3c_1336x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!urkP!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3898b7b2-6cdd-42f4-ba92-bf8d11625a3c_1336x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!urkP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3898b7b2-6cdd-42f4-ba92-bf8d11625a3c_1336x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!urkP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3898b7b2-6cdd-42f4-ba92-bf8d11625a3c_1336x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h6 style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/31/nsa-top-secret-program-online-data">Document de la NSA &#224; propos de XKeyscore</a></h6><p></p><p>13 ans plus tard, des changements majeurs ont eu lieu.</p><ul><li><p>L&#8217;agence a largement int&#233;gr&#233; les meilleurs mod&#232;les LLM d&#8217;intelligence artificielle et d&#233;multipli&#233; ses capacit&#233;s de recueil et d&#8217;analyse</p></li><li><p>Elle ach&#232;te en plus l&#233;galement des donn&#233;es de g&#233;olocalisation et des profils comportementaux &#224; des courtiers priv&#233;s</p></li><li><p>Ce qui permet de contourner la r&#232;glementation en mati&#232;re de contr&#244;le.</p></li></ul><p>En effet, le FBI utilise les bases de donn&#233;es de la NSA pour effectuer des recherches sur des citoyens am&#233;ricains (ou des r&#233;sidents &#233;trangers) sans passer par un juge.</p><p>Pour le s&#233;nateur <a href="https://dailycaller.com/2026/04/15/unprecedented-mass-surveillance-cynthia-lummis-ron-wyden-fisa-section-702/">Ron Wyden</a>, il existerait m&#234;me une interpr&#233;tation secr&#232;te de la loi FISA permettant &#224; la NSA de surveiller de nouvelles cat&#233;gories de personnes (journalistes, activistes, etc.)</p><p>Pour l&#8217;EEF, ces abus constituent un risque de basculement vers une analyse pr&#233;dictive g&#233;n&#233;ralis&#233;e.</p><blockquote><p>&#171; <em>En automatisant la surveillance et suspicion, nous ne renfor&#231;ons pas la s&#233;curit&#233; collective. Nous cr&#233;ons une machine &#224; produire de l&#8217;erreur judiciaire &#224; grande &#233;chelle, sans aucun recours institutionnel </em>&#187;, estime ainsi Matthew Guariglia (EFF)</p></blockquote><p>Pour lire les mises en gardes de l&#8217;EFF, c&#8217;est ici :</p><p><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/interactive/2013/jul/31/nsa-xkeyscore-program-full-presentation">https://www.theguardian.com/world/interactive/2013/jul/31/nsa-xkeyscore-program-full-presentation</a></p><p><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/31/nsa-top-secret-program-online-data">https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/31/nsa-top-secret-program-online-data</a></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0BtW!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3548ac03-8828-49e3-847b-458452a8981a_1670x946.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0BtW!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3548ac03-8828-49e3-847b-458452a8981a_1670x946.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0BtW!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3548ac03-8828-49e3-847b-458452a8981a_1670x946.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0BtW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3548ac03-8828-49e3-847b-458452a8981a_1670x946.png 1272w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0BtW!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3548ac03-8828-49e3-847b-458452a8981a_1670x946.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0BtW!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3548ac03-8828-49e3-847b-458452a8981a_1670x946.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0BtW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3548ac03-8828-49e3-847b-458452a8981a_1670x946.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0BtW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3548ac03-8828-49e3-847b-458452a8981a_1670x946.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Près de 60% des Européens perçoivent les USA comme une menace]]></title><description><![CDATA[Et plus de 86% d'entre eux sont favorables &#224; un renforcement de l&#8217;autonomie strat&#233;gique europ&#233;enne]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/pres-de-60-des-europeens-percoivent</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/pres-de-60-des-europeens-percoivent</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 17 Apr 2026 09:23:29 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IzZS!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3ba2bc1-db7f-40f9-b179-e1748e5edb13_1736x974.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IzZS!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3ba2bc1-db7f-40f9-b179-e1748e5edb13_1736x974.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IzZS!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3ba2bc1-db7f-40f9-b179-e1748e5edb13_1736x974.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IzZS!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3ba2bc1-db7f-40f9-b179-e1748e5edb13_1736x974.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IzZS!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3ba2bc1-db7f-40f9-b179-e1748e5edb13_1736x974.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IzZS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3ba2bc1-db7f-40f9-b179-e1748e5edb13_1736x974.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IzZS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3ba2bc1-db7f-40f9-b179-e1748e5edb13_1736x974.png" width="1456" height="817" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IzZS!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3ba2bc1-db7f-40f9-b179-e1748e5edb13_1736x974.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IzZS!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3ba2bc1-db7f-40f9-b179-e1748e5edb13_1736x974.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IzZS!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3ba2bc1-db7f-40f9-b179-e1748e5edb13_1736x974.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IzZS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3ba2bc1-db7f-40f9-b179-e1748e5edb13_1736x974.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>C&#8217;est ce qui ressort d&#8217;une enqu&#234;te d&#8217;ampleur r&#233;alis&#233;e aupr&#232;s de 6700 europ&#233;ens en mars dernier.</p><p>L&#8217;&#233;tude (&#171; Politico European Pulse &#187;) a &#233;t&#233; r&#233;alis&#233;e conjointement par <em>Politico</em>, Bebartlet et Cluster17.</p><p>D&#8217;autre chiffres sont &#224; consid&#233;rer de pr&#232;s.</p><p>Le travail men&#233; est d&#8217;ampleur et difficile &#224; synth&#233;tiser en quelques mots.</p><p>Je serai donc bref. Je retiens 5 enseignements :</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p><strong>86% </strong>des interrog&#233;s sont favorables au renforcement des outils de arm&#233;es europ&#233;ennes.</p><p>Mais ils ne sont que <strong>18,6%</strong> &#224; &#234;tre pr&#234;t &#224; prendre les armes pour d&#233;fendre leur pays s&#8217;il &#233;tait attaqu&#233;.</p><p>La France est pays le plus pessimiste de l&#8217;Europe contrairement &#224; la Pologne.</p><p>Seul <strong>32%</strong> des Fran&#231;ais estiment qu&#8217;ils ont plus d&#8217;opportunit&#233;s (&#233;conomiques et existentielles) que n&#8217;en avaient leurs parents.</p><p>Contre <strong>88%</strong> pour les Polonais !</p><p>Plus de <strong>86%</strong> des Europ&#233;ens sont favorables &#224; un renforcement de l&#8217;autonomie strat&#233;gique europ&#233;enne.</p></div><p>L&#8217;&#233;tude est &#224; retrouv&#233;e<strong><a href="https://bebartlet.com/european-pulse-forum-2026/"> ici</a></strong> :</p><blockquote><p><em>&#171; L&#8217;European Pulse a interrog&#233; 6 698 citoyens, r&#233;partis dans six pays, en mars 2026. A travers les 36 questions pos&#233;es (couvrant l&#8217;&#233;nergie, la d&#233;fense, la mobilit&#233;, les in&#233;galit&#233;s et la technologie), on observe un motif commun.</em></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><em>Les Europ&#233;ens savent ce qu&#8217;ils veulent : l&#8217;ind&#233;pendance &#233;nerg&#233;tique, une architecture de d&#233;fense qui ne soit pas subordonn&#233;e &#224; Washington, une technologie encadr&#233;e par des r&#232;gles europ&#233;ennes, l&#8217;investissement public plut&#244;t que l&#8217;interdiction r&#233;glementaire, un continent capable de se tenir debout par ses propres forces.</em></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><em>Le soutien &#224; ces positions varie entre 86% et 96 %, des taux qui, en toute autre circonstance, seraient qualifi&#233;s de v&#233;ritable mandat &#187;.</em></p></blockquote><p></p><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Pourquoi les pays occidentaux perdent-ils leurs guerres ?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Pour 3 raisons, philosophique, politique et strat&#233;gique]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/pourquoi-les-pays-occidentaux-perdent</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/pourquoi-les-pays-occidentaux-perdent</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 15 Apr 2026 14:21:46 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sBYY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcda036d4-d11c-4468-84c3-39e8a1691afa_800x1112.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sBYY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcda036d4-d11c-4468-84c3-39e8a1691afa_800x1112.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sBYY!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcda036d4-d11c-4468-84c3-39e8a1691afa_800x1112.png 424w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sBYY!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcda036d4-d11c-4468-84c3-39e8a1691afa_800x1112.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sBYY!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcda036d4-d11c-4468-84c3-39e8a1691afa_800x1112.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sBYY!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcda036d4-d11c-4468-84c3-39e8a1691afa_800x1112.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sBYY!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcda036d4-d11c-4468-84c3-39e8a1691afa_800x1112.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>En 2021, sortait un remarquable essai collectif dirig&#233; par Am&#233;lie Theussen, Sten Rynning et Olivier Schmitt : <em>War Time: Temporality and the Decline of Western Military Power.</em></p><p>Les chercheurs y dressaient un constat paradoxal : depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la sph&#232;re occidentale s&#8217;est distingu&#233;e par une &#233;crasante domination technologique. Pourtant, nombre de campagnes am&#233;ricaines et europ&#233;ennes se sont sold&#233;s par des &#233;checs.</p><p>Pourquoi ?</p><p>Les chercheurs identifient 3 raisons principales.</p><p></p><h4>La premi&#232;re est philosophique</h4><p>Certains th&#233;oriciens occidentaux, persuad&#233;s de leur sup&#233;riorit&#233; morale et culturelle, pensent que l&#8217;histoire joue pour eux et qu&#8217;un conflit rapide et brutale contre des adversaires &#171; r&#233;actionnaires &#187;, ne peut finalement qu&#8217;acc&#233;l&#233;rer l&#8217;occidentalisation du monde. Cette pens&#233;e messianique emp&#234;che de penser des relations diplomatiques sur le long terme.</p><p>&#171; En aucun cas, la guerre n&#8217;est un but en elle-m&#234;me. On ne se bat jamais, paradoxalement, que pour obtenir la paix &#187;, rappelait Clausewitz dans son ma&#238;tre ouvrage, <em>De la guerre</em> (1832). Mais comment obtenir une paix durable avec un ennemi qu&#8217;on est persuad&#233; &#234;tre condamn&#233; &#224; tomber dans les poubelles de l&#8217;Histoire ?</p><p>Pour Sten Rynning, Il existe &#171; une tension inh&#233;rente au sein de l&#8217;Occident entre deux types d&#8217;institutions &#187; :</p><blockquote><p><em>Les institutions qui croient que le temps joue en faveur de l&#8217;Occident, adoptant une approche progressiste de l&#8217;histoire, avec une compr&#233;hension lin&#233;aire du temps et de la guerre ;</em></p><p><em>Les institutions qui con&#231;oivent le temps comme cyclique et la guerre comme une trag&#233;die in&#233;vitable qu&#8217;il faut g&#233;rer mais qui ne peut jamais &#234;tre enti&#232;rement surmont&#233;e.</em></p><p><em>Il se peut que l&#8217;Occident ait perdu cet &#233;quilibre, et en perdant cet &#233;quilibre, il a aussi compromis sa capacit&#233; &#224; mener la guerre au service d&#8217;objectifs politiques.</em></p></blockquote><p></p><h4>La deuxi&#232;me raison est politique</h4><p>Depuis les ann&#233;es 50 on assiste en occident &#224; un divorce progressif entre les sph&#232;res militaires et civiles. Ces deux mondes ne se comprennent plus, ne partagent plus les m&#234;mes valeurs ni les m&#234;mes priorit&#233;s. &#171; Nous sommes revenus &#224; un schisme entre l&#8217;institution militaire et la soci&#233;t&#233; civile &#187;, estime Sten Rynning.</p><p>D&#232;s lors, les d&#233;cideurs privil&#233;gient des campagnes courte et le recours &#224; l&#8217;emprunt pour financer leurs op&#233;rations, solutions apparemment indolores mais en apparence seulement.</p><blockquote><p><em>&#171; Dans ces conditions, il est dans l&#8217;int&#233;r&#234;t du militaire, s&#8217;il est appel&#233; &#224; mener une guerre, de la combattre rapidement et intens&#233;ment, car il sait que la soci&#233;t&#233; ne comprend pas la guerre et attend une victoire &#233;clair d&#233;bouchant sur un progr&#232;s vers un futur meilleur &#187;, </em>expliquait Sten Rynning lors d&#8217;une conf&#233;rence (voir ci-dessous).</p></blockquote><p>Mais la guerre dure toujours plus longtemps qu&#8217;on ne le souhaite et d&#233;borde toujours sur les populations frapp&#233;es. Il n&#8217;y a qu&#8217;a voir l&#8217;op&#233;ration am&#233;ricaine en Iran.</p><p></p><h4>La troisi&#232;me raison est strat&#233;gique</h4><p>Les adversaires de l&#8217;Occident ont une vision plus nuanc&#233;e de la guerre, que l&#8217;Occident partageait avant. Et ils jouent sur une conflictualit&#233; &#171; sous le seuil &#187; d&#8217;une guerre formellement d&#233;clar&#233;e, par des op&#233;rations &#171; hybrides &#187; : sabotage, cyberattaques, d&#233;sinformation, terrorisme, pr&#233;dation &#233;conomique etc.</p><p>Sten Rynning expliquait en conclusion de son intervention que &#171; la guerre peut vous &#234;tre impos&#233;e. Il faut donc r&#233;fl&#233;chir s&#233;rieusement &#224; la guerre, m&#234;me si on la redoute &#187;. Il recommanderait que &#171; les co&#251;ts de la guerre, taxes, impact sur le bien-&#234;tre social et vies humaines perdues - doivent &#234;tre visibles et ressentis par la soci&#233;t&#233;. Cela contraindra les d&#233;cideurs &#224; r&#233;fl&#233;chir &#224; la guerre pour ce qu&#8217;elle est vraiment. &#187;</p><p></p><h4>Les cons&#233;quences inattendues de la guerre en Ukraine</h4><p>L&#8217;Ukraine a subi une guerre qu&#8217;elle ne voulait pas. Elle a d&#251; inventer une mani&#232;re nouvelle de faire la guerre, en mobilisant tr&#232;s largement sa soci&#233;t&#233; civile, dont le r&#244;le a &#233;t&#233; in&#233;dit pour une nation occidentale, illustrant une autre observation cruciale de Clausewitz :</p><blockquote><p><em>&#171; La plupart des innovations dans l&#8217;art de la guerre sont la cons&#233;quence de nouvelles conditions sociales, et non d&#8217;inventions et de nouvelles tendances de l&#8217;esprit. &#187;</em></p></blockquote><p>Tandis que les USA persistent dans un &#171; messianisme &#187; opportuniste et hasardeux, l&#8217;Ukraine illustre une fa&#231;on de mener une guerre qui rappelle &#224; toute l&#8217;Europe que l&#8217;histoire est tragique et se r&#233;p&#232;te, qu&#8217;une guerre peut &#234;tre subie, qu&#8217;un g&#233;ant militaire peut &#234;tre contenu et qu&#8217;une soci&#233;t&#233; peut renouer avec ses institutions militaires quand les objectifs politiques de la guerre sont clairement d&#233;finies et accept&#233;es.</p><p>L&#8217;ouvrage dirig&#233; par Am&#233;lie Theussen, Sten Rynning et Olivier Schmitt :</p><p><a href="https://ihedn.fr/en/uncategorized/wartime-temporality-and-the-decline-of-western-military-power/">https://ihedn.fr/en/uncategorized/wartime-temporality-and-the-decline-of-western-military-power/ </a></p><p>Une recension de qualit&#233; par Thibault Lavernhe :</p><p><a href="https://www.defnat.com/e-RDN/vue-article.php?carticle=22787">https://www.defnat.com/e-RDN/vue-article.php?carticle=22787 </a></p><p>La conf&#233;rence de Sten Rynning :</p><div id="youtube2-_UzH2tZkrUY" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;_UzH2tZkrUY&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/_UzH2tZkrUY?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[OpenClaw met votre ordinateur « à nu »]]></title><description><![CDATA[L&#8217;adoption massive d&#8217;OpenClaw va-t-elle causer le prochain cataclysme cyber ?]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/openclaw-met-votre-ordinateur-a-nu</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/openclaw-met-votre-ordinateur-a-nu</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 14 Apr 2026 13:48:52 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cOmf!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc85eaac-dd13-4d3e-94f2-1a28936ed3d1_2142x1424.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cOmf!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc85eaac-dd13-4d3e-94f2-1a28936ed3d1_2142x1424.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cOmf!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc85eaac-dd13-4d3e-94f2-1a28936ed3d1_2142x1424.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cOmf!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc85eaac-dd13-4d3e-94f2-1a28936ed3d1_2142x1424.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cOmf!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc85eaac-dd13-4d3e-94f2-1a28936ed3d1_2142x1424.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cOmf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc85eaac-dd13-4d3e-94f2-1a28936ed3d1_2142x1424.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cOmf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc85eaac-dd13-4d3e-94f2-1a28936ed3d1_2142x1424.png" width="1456" height="968" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cc85eaac-dd13-4d3e-94f2-1a28936ed3d1_2142x1424.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:968,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:4260079,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://blog.alyghieri.com/i/194187076?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc85eaac-dd13-4d3e-94f2-1a28936ed3d1_2142x1424.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cOmf!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc85eaac-dd13-4d3e-94f2-1a28936ed3d1_2142x1424.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cOmf!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc85eaac-dd13-4d3e-94f2-1a28936ed3d1_2142x1424.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cOmf!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc85eaac-dd13-4d3e-94f2-1a28936ed3d1_2142x1424.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cOmf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc85eaac-dd13-4d3e-94f2-1a28936ed3d1_2142x1424.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h6>&#169;<em>Mars Attacks!</em>, 1996</h6><p></p><p>OpenClaw est un outil fascinant - et qui plus est, open source et europ&#233;en (son concepteur, Peter Steinberger, est autrichien).</p><p>Cependant son adoption massive en entreprise (parfois de fa&#231;on clandestine) et sans garde-fou constitue un &#233;norme risque en cybers&#233;curit&#233;.</p><p>Pourquoi ?</p><p>Pour le chercheur en cybers&#233;curit&#233; Simon Willison, les agents IA pr&#233;sentent trois caract&#233;ristiques convergentes qui forment un &#8220;trio mortel&#8221; en terme de s&#233;curit&#233; :</p><ul><li><p>l&#8217;acc&#232;s aux donn&#233;es priv&#233;es</p></li><li><p>l&#8217;exposition au contenu non fiable</p></li><li><p>la capacit&#233; &#224; communiquer en externe.</p></li></ul><p>Et OpenClaw, <a href="https://conscia.com/blog/the-openclaw-security-crisis/">rappelait le chercheur en CTI David Kasabji (Conscia)</a> &#171; pr&#233;sente ces trois caract&#233;ristiques, par conception &#187;.</p><p>Le journaliste britannique Sebastian Mallaby, revenu de Chine se faisait r&#233;cemment &#233;cho de craintes comparables <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/13/opinion/china-ai-america-chipmakers.html?smid=nytcore-ios-share">dans le </a><em><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/13/opinion/china-ai-america-chipmakers.html?smid=nytcore-ios-share">New York Times</a></em> :</p><blockquote><p><em>&#171; Lors de mon voyage, la controverse entourant le mod&#232;le avanc&#233; OpenClaw a illustr&#233; l&#8217;inqui&#233;tude croissante pour la s&#233;curit&#233; de l&#8217;IA. Des foules de Chinois ordinaires ont t&#233;l&#233;charg&#233; cet assistant num&#233;rique, impatients d&#8217;exp&#233;rimenter un agent d&#8217;IA performant.</em></p><p><em>Cet enthousiasme semblait confirmer que la Chine aime l&#8217;innovation plus qu&#8217;elle ne la redoute. Mais des chercheurs et des leaders de l&#8217;industrie m&#8217;ont confi&#233; qu&#8217;ils &#233;taient horrifi&#233;s.OpenClaw met votre ordinateur &#171; &#224; nu &#187;, m&#8217;a dit un &#233;minent professeur d&#8217;&#233;cole de commerce.</em></p><p><em>Peu de temps apr&#232;s, les dirigeants chinois ont fermement d&#233;conseill&#233; l&#8217;utilisation d&#8217;OpenClaw sur les syst&#232;mes gouvernementaux et ont averti les citoyens que l&#8217;agent pourrait faire des ravages dans leurs donn&#233;es. &#187;</em></p></blockquote><p>David Kasabji fait plusieurs recommandations de s&#233;curit&#233; aux DSI :</p><ul><li><p>Chercher activement OpenClaw sur tous les postes de travail et serveurs</p></li><li><p>Mettre &#224; jour OpenClaw, et r&#233;duire les droits d&#8217;acc&#232;s</p></li><li><p>Monitorer les ex&#233;cutions de commandes suspectes et les connexions r&#233;seau non autoris&#233;es</p></li><li><p>Interdire les agents IA sur les postes sans validation s&#233;curit&#233;, les isoler en r&#233;seau s&#233;par&#233;, valider tout plugin comme du code tiers, et renouveler r&#233;guli&#232;rement les acc&#232;s</p></li></ul>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Pourquoi Trump s’est enlisé dans une guerre absurde ?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ou pourquoi il faut lire l'excellente enqu&#234;te du New York Times &#224; propos de l&#8217;intervention am&#233;ricaine en Iran]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/pourquoi-trump-sest-enlise-dans-une</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/pourquoi-trump-sest-enlise-dans-une</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 08 Apr 2026 09:58:39 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NVwW!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f5d8517-6d4d-4c34-b1ac-dd4b2e50d4eb_2792x1514.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NVwW!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f5d8517-6d4d-4c34-b1ac-dd4b2e50d4eb_2792x1514.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NVwW!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f5d8517-6d4d-4c34-b1ac-dd4b2e50d4eb_2792x1514.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NVwW!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f5d8517-6d4d-4c34-b1ac-dd4b2e50d4eb_2792x1514.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NVwW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f5d8517-6d4d-4c34-b1ac-dd4b2e50d4eb_2792x1514.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NVwW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f5d8517-6d4d-4c34-b1ac-dd4b2e50d4eb_2792x1514.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NVwW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f5d8517-6d4d-4c34-b1ac-dd4b2e50d4eb_2792x1514.png" width="1456" height="790" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9f5d8517-6d4d-4c34-b1ac-dd4b2e50d4eb_2792x1514.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:790,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:2828581,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://blog.alyghieri.com/i/193558216?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f5d8517-6d4d-4c34-b1ac-dd4b2e50d4eb_2792x1514.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NVwW!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f5d8517-6d4d-4c34-b1ac-dd4b2e50d4eb_2792x1514.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NVwW!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f5d8517-6d4d-4c34-b1ac-dd4b2e50d4eb_2792x1514.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NVwW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f5d8517-6d4d-4c34-b1ac-dd4b2e50d4eb_2792x1514.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NVwW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f5d8517-6d4d-4c34-b1ac-dd4b2e50d4eb_2792x1514.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Notre (libre) r&#233;sum&#233; de <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/07/us/politics/trump-iran-war.html">l&#8217;enqu&#234;te du </a><em><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/07/us/politics/trump-iran-war.html">NYT</a></em><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/07/us/politics/trump-iran-war.html"> </a>: </p><ul><li><p>Donald Trump craignait d&#8217;&#234;tre assassin&#233; par les Iraniens, en repr&#233;sailles &#224; l&#8217;&#233;limination de Qassem Soleimani &#224; Bagdad en 2020</p></li><li><p>Il &#233;tait convaincu par le sc&#233;nario isra&#233;lien d&#8217;un soul&#232;vement populaire et d&#8217;un effondrement rapide du r&#233;gime suite &#224; une d&#233;capitation brutale du pouvoir iranien</p></li><li><p>Il n&#8217;a pas &#233;cout&#233; la CIA pour qui ce sc&#233;nario &#233;tait &#171; farfelu &#187; (dixit John Ratcliffe)</p></li><li><p>Il n&#8217;a pas pris au s&#233;rieux le g&#233;n&#233;ral Caine &#224; propos du &#171; forcing &#187; et de l&#8217;exc&#232;s d&#8217;optimisme du sc&#233;nario isra&#233;lien</p></li><li><p>Il n&#8217;a pas pris au s&#233;rieux les mises en garde du Pentagone &#224; propos du blocage du d&#233;troit d&#8217;Hormuz et du risque de crise &#233;nerg&#233;tique mondiale</p></li><li><p>Il n&#8217;a pas &#233;cout&#233; J.D. Vance pour qui l&#8217;intervention entra&#238;nerait &#224; la fois un gaspillage des stocks de munitions, une catastrophe &#233;conomique et une trahison de son &#233;lectorat</p></li><li><p>Il n&#8217;a pas &#233;t&#233; frontalement contredit par son &#233;tat-major</p></li><li><p>Il a &#233;t&#233; largement encourag&#233; par certains conseillers, comme Pete Hegseth</p></li><li><p>Les n&#233;gociations de derni&#232;re minutes avec les Iraniens ont &#233;chou&#233;</p></li><li><p>Il a saut&#233; sur une opportunit&#233; tactique en f&#233;vrier (comme un joueur de poker ?)</p></li></ul><p>Quelques extraits savoureux :</p><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;When Mr. Trump joined the meeting, Mr. Ratcliffe briefed him on the assessment. The C.I.A. director used one word to describe the Israeli prime minister&#8217;s regime change scenarios: &#8220;farcical.&#8221;</em></p><p><em>At that point, Mr. Rubio cut in. &#8220;In other words, it&#8217;s bullshit,&#8221; he said.</em></p><p><em>Mr. Ratcliffe added that given the unpredictability of events in any conflict, regime change could happen, but it should not be considered an achievable objective.</em></p><p><em>Several others jumped in, including Mr. Vance, just back from Azerbaijan, who also expressed strong skepticism about the prospect of regime change.</em></p><p><em>The president then turned to General Caine. &#8220;General, what do you think?&#8221;</em></p><p><em>General Caine replied: &#8220;Sir, this is, in my experience, standard operating procedure for the Israelis. They oversell, and their plans are not always well-developed. They know they need us, and that&#8217;s why they&#8217;re hard-selling.&#8221;</em></p><p><em>Mr. Trump quickly weighed the assessment. Regime change, he said, would be &#8220;their problem.&#8221; It was unclear whether he was referring to the Israelis or the Iranian people.&#8221;</em></p></blockquote><h5><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/07/us/politics/trump-iran-war.html">L&#8217;enqu&#234;te est ici </a></h5><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Le centre de gravité stratégique de l’Europe serait-il passé à l’Est ? ]]></title><description><![CDATA[C&#8217;est en tout cas la th&#232;se du journaliste du Times Oliver Moody.]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/le-centre-de-gravite-strategique</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/le-centre-de-gravite-strategique</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 07 Apr 2026 09:43:39 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hmjQ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F783b10c5-62d1-4ef1-acc6-7c870a1e5601_975x1500.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hmjQ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F783b10c5-62d1-4ef1-acc6-7c870a1e5601_975x1500.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hmjQ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F783b10c5-62d1-4ef1-acc6-7c870a1e5601_975x1500.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hmjQ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F783b10c5-62d1-4ef1-acc6-7c870a1e5601_975x1500.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hmjQ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F783b10c5-62d1-4ef1-acc6-7c870a1e5601_975x1500.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hmjQ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F783b10c5-62d1-4ef1-acc6-7c870a1e5601_975x1500.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hmjQ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F783b10c5-62d1-4ef1-acc6-7c870a1e5601_975x1500.jpeg" width="975" height="1500" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/783b10c5-62d1-4ef1-acc6-7c870a1e5601_975x1500.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1500,&quot;width&quot;:975,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:61777,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://blog.alyghieri.com/i/193447089?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F783b10c5-62d1-4ef1-acc6-7c870a1e5601_975x1500.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hmjQ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F783b10c5-62d1-4ef1-acc6-7c870a1e5601_975x1500.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hmjQ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F783b10c5-62d1-4ef1-acc6-7c870a1e5601_975x1500.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hmjQ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F783b10c5-62d1-4ef1-acc6-7c870a1e5601_975x1500.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hmjQ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F783b10c5-62d1-4ef1-acc6-7c870a1e5601_975x1500.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Dans &#171; <em>Baltic: The Future of Europe</em> &#171; (2025), le journaliste estime que le centre de gravit&#233; politique et moral de l&#8217;Union europ&#233;enne s&#8217;est d&#233;plac&#233;e vers la Pologne, la Finlande et les pays baltes.</p><p>En effet, pour Oliver Moody, la mollesse de l&#8217;UE en mati&#232;re de d&#233;fense contre les attaques hybrides (russes, chinoises, etc.) et le d&#233;sengagement des &#201;tats-Unis est aujourd&#8217;hui combl&#233; par une ceinture d&#8217;&#201;tats s&#8217;&#233;tendant d&#8217;Helsinki &#224; Varsovie. Le retrait du &#171; parapluie de s&#233;curit&#233; &#187; am&#233;ricain a forc&#233; les pays baltes &#224; renforcer leur coalition.</p><p>Par n&#233;cessit&#233; et imp&#233;ratif de survie, ces pays sont en effet en passe de devancer l&#8217;Europe de l&#8217;Ouest dans plusieurs domaines critiques :</p><ol><li><p><strong>L&#8217;innovation num&#233;rique</strong></p></li></ol><p>L&#8217;Estonie est le pays leader mondial du nombre de licornes par habitant</p><ol start="2"><li><p><strong>La cybers&#233;curit&#233; et la lutte contre la d&#233;sinformation</strong></p></li></ol><p>L&#8217;Estonie fait face &#224; des cyberattaques d&#8217;ampleur depuis 2007. La Lettonie abrite le Centre d&#8217;excellence pour la communication strat&#233;gique de l&#8217;OTAN.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Rg0u!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a8d0747-a948-448a-9635-0f9d283db9c1_820x1096.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Rg0u!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a8d0747-a948-448a-9635-0f9d283db9c1_820x1096.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Rg0u!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a8d0747-a948-448a-9635-0f9d283db9c1_820x1096.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Rg0u!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a8d0747-a948-448a-9635-0f9d283db9c1_820x1096.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Rg0u!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a8d0747-a948-448a-9635-0f9d283db9c1_820x1096.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Rg0u!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a8d0747-a948-448a-9635-0f9d283db9c1_820x1096.png" width="820" height="1096" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a8d0747-a948-448a-9635-0f9d283db9c1_820x1096.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1096,&quot;width&quot;:820,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:456027,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://blog.alyghieri.com/i/193447089?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a8d0747-a948-448a-9635-0f9d283db9c1_820x1096.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Rg0u!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a8d0747-a948-448a-9635-0f9d283db9c1_820x1096.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Rg0u!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a8d0747-a948-448a-9635-0f9d283db9c1_820x1096.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Rg0u!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a8d0747-a948-448a-9635-0f9d283db9c1_820x1096.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Rg0u!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1a8d0747-a948-448a-9635-0f9d283db9c1_820x1096.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><ol start="3"><li><p><strong>La r&#233;silience des populations civiles</strong></p></li></ol><p>La Finlande n&#8217;a jamais cess&#233; de stocker nourriture, carburant et m&#233;dicaments et communique calmement mais fermement sur la pr&#233;paration au pire. Chaque citoyen finlandais est un acteur de la d&#233;fense nationale. L&#8217;Estonie et la Finlande ont d&#233;velopp&#233; un sens de l&#8217;urgence et planifient leur strat&#233;gie de d&#233;fense sur des d&#233;cennies.</p><ol start="4"><li><p><strong>La puissance militaire</strong></p></li></ol><p>La Pologne est en voie de devenir la premi&#232;re force terrestre de l&#8217;UE. la Pologne et les trois &#201;tats baltes pr&#233;voient d&#233;sormais de consacrer plus de 5 % de leur PIB &#224; la d&#233;fense.</p><div id="youtube2-l82DgCsWL1I" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;l82DgCsWL1I&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/l82DgCsWL1I?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[« L’équilibre délicat que nous avons maintenu entre attaquants et défenseurs au cours des vingt dernières années touche probablement à sa fin » ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Nicholas Carlini, chercheur en cybers&#233;curit&#233; chez Anthropic, &#233;tait l&#8217;invit&#233; de la conf&#233;rence [Un]prompted, le 25 mars dernier.]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/lequilibre-delicat-que-nous-avons</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/lequilibre-delicat-que-nous-avons</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 03 Apr 2026 06:40:49 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/youtube/w_728,c_limit/1sd26pWhfmg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="youtube2-1sd26pWhfmg" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;1sd26pWhfmg&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/1sd26pWhfmg?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div><p>L&#8217;intervention de <a href="https://nicholas.carlini.com/">Nicholas Carlini</a> a marqu&#233; les esprits, &#224; raison.</p><p>Pourquoi une telle mise en garde, maintenant ?</p><p>Parce que pour le chercheur, depuis 4 mois, &#171; les mod&#232;les de langage peuvent, de mani&#232;re autonome et sans infrastructure complexe, d&#233;couvrir et exploiter des vuln&#233;rabilit&#233;s <a href="https://www.mailinblack.com/ressources/glossaire/qu-est-ce-quune-attaque-zero-day/">&#171; </a><em><a href="https://www.mailinblack.com/ressources/glossaire/qu-est-ce-quune-attaque-zero-day/">zero-day</a></em><a href="https://www.mailinblack.com/ressources/glossaire/qu-est-ce-quune-attaque-zero-day/"> &#187;</a> dans des logiciels critiques. &#187;</p><p>Le chercheur raconte ainsi comment il d&#233;couvert, gr&#226;ce &#224; un LLM, une vuln&#233;rabilit&#233; critique sur le noyau Linux. Une faille<a href="https://www.mailinblack.com/ressources/glossaire/qu-est-ce-quune-attaque-zero-day/"> </a><em><a href="https://www.mailinblack.com/ressources/glossaire/qu-est-ce-quune-attaque-zero-day/">zero-day</a></em><a href="https://www.mailinblack.com/ressources/glossaire/qu-est-ce-quune-attaque-zero-day/">,</a> majeure, rest&#233;e invisible aux yeux des meilleurs chercheurs depuis&#8230; 2003.</p><p>Pour Nicholas Carlini, ce ph&#233;nom&#232;ne est sans doute &#171; l&#8217;&#233;v&#233;nement le plus significatif en mati&#232;re de s&#233;curit&#233; depuis l&#8217;invention d&#8217;Internet. &#187;</p><p>Et pour cause :</p><blockquote><p><em>&#171; Linux est l&#8217;un des logiciels les plus s&#233;curis&#233;s au monde. Pourtant, nous avons trouv&#233; plusieurs d&#233;passements de tampon (buffer overflows) exploitables &#224; distance. Je n&#8217;en avais jamais trouv&#233; de ma vie ; c&#8217;est une t&#226;che d&#8217;une difficult&#233; extr&#234;me. Le mod&#232;le, lui, en a trouv&#233; plusieurs. Il a m&#234;me produit un sch&#233;ma de flux expliquant comment l&#8217;attaque fonctionne, impliquant deux adversaires coop&#233;rant pour tromper le serveur. Ce bug que le mod&#232;le a d&#233;busqu&#233; datait de 2003. Le fait qu&#8217;une IA puisse identifier une erreur aussi subtile et ancienne me laisse sans voix. &#187;</em></p></blockquote><p>Aussi pr&#233;occupant, les &#171; smart contrats &#187; sont eux aussi vuln&#233;rables :</p><blockquote><p><em>&#171; Nous avons fait la m&#234;me exp&#233;rience avec les &#171; smart contracts &#187; financiers : les mod&#232;les r&#233;cents peuvent identifier des failles et d&#233;rober plusieurs millions de dollars virtuels sur des contrats r&#233;els. &#187;</em></p></blockquote><p>La conclusion du chercheur m&#233;rite d&#8217;&#234;tre m&#233;dit&#233;e : si les LLM vont permettre de renforcer la cybers&#233;curit&#233; collective &#224; long terme, en permettant une revue de code critique &#224; grande &#233;chelle, la p&#233;riode de transition va constituer un zone de danger in&#233;dite (qui pr&#233;figure une pr&#233;figuration de la transition post-quantique) :</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#171; Vivre dans un monde o&#249; n&#8217;importe qui peut automatiser la d&#233;couverte de failles que seuls un ou deux experts mondiaux auraient pu trouver auparavant est une perspective redoutable.</p></div><blockquote><p><em>J&#8217;ai actuellement des centaines de rapports de crashs dans le noyau Linux que je n&#8217;ai pas encore eu le temps de valider. Bient&#244;t, ce ne sera plus seulement moi qui aurai acc&#232;s &#224; ces failles, mais n&#8217;importe quelle personne malveillante.</em></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><em>La p&#233;riode de transition que nous vivons est critique. &#192; long terme, les d&#233;fenseurs gagneront peut-&#234;tre &#8212; nous r&#233;&#233;crirons tout en Rust, nous v&#233;rifierons formellement les protocoles. Mais le passage de l&#8217;ancien monde au nouveau sera p&#233;rilleux. C&#8217;est comme la R&#233;volution industrielle : c&#8217;&#233;tait globalement une bonne chose, mais c&#8217;&#233;tait une p&#233;riode tr&#232;s difficile pour ceux qui l&#8217;ont v&#233;cue. Notre mission est de faire en sorte que cette transition ne soit pas un d&#233;sastre. &#187;</em></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fmon!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F087277e2-cef6-44bb-8584-2fc7881ab275_1730x974.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fmon!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F087277e2-cef6-44bb-8584-2fc7881ab275_1730x974.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fmon!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F087277e2-cef6-44bb-8584-2fc7881ab275_1730x974.png 848w, 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Les experts vont-ils disparaître avec l’essor des LLM et des agents IA ?]]></title><description><![CDATA[&#169;The Big Lebowski, 1998]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/les-experts-vont-ils-disparaitre</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/les-experts-vont-ils-disparaitre</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 02 Apr 2026 09:35:01 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zaRy!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F333a7fe0-4423-4054-a7b9-98f83628b8f9_780x438.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zaRy!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F333a7fe0-4423-4054-a7b9-98f83628b8f9_780x438.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zaRy!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F333a7fe0-4423-4054-a7b9-98f83628b8f9_780x438.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zaRy!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F333a7fe0-4423-4054-a7b9-98f83628b8f9_780x438.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zaRy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F333a7fe0-4423-4054-a7b9-98f83628b8f9_780x438.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zaRy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F333a7fe0-4423-4054-a7b9-98f83628b8f9_780x438.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zaRy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F333a7fe0-4423-4054-a7b9-98f83628b8f9_780x438.jpeg" width="780" height="438" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/333a7fe0-4423-4054-a7b9-98f83628b8f9_780x438.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:438,&quot;width&quot;:780,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:89385,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://blog.alyghieri.com/i/192940266?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F333a7fe0-4423-4054-a7b9-98f83628b8f9_780x438.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zaRy!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F333a7fe0-4423-4054-a7b9-98f83628b8f9_780x438.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zaRy!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F333a7fe0-4423-4054-a7b9-98f83628b8f9_780x438.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zaRy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F333a7fe0-4423-4054-a7b9-98f83628b8f9_780x438.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zaRy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F333a7fe0-4423-4054-a7b9-98f83628b8f9_780x438.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h6>&#169;<em>The Big Lebowski</em>, 1998</h6><p></p><p>C&#8217;est la crainte de beaucoup d&#8217;experts.</p><p>Leur savoir serait r&#233;ductible &#224; quelques principes tir&#233;s de leur exp&#233;rience sur de nombreux cas pratiques et d&#233;clin&#233;s en de nombreuses r&#232;gles pr&#233;cises, qu&#8217;il suffirait de reproduire gr&#226;ce au bon corpus et au bon mod&#232;le IA.</p><p>C&#8217;est effectivement le cas dans beaucoup de t&#226;ches &#8220;bureaucratiques&#8221;, o&#249; la formalisation l&#8217;emporte sur l&#8217;action, la contingence et le jugement humain. Sans doute que le tertiaire souffre trop de cette bureaucratisation et que l&#8217;automatisation &#224; port&#233;e de main permise par l&#8217;IA fait l&#8217;effet d&#8217;une lib&#233;ration.</p><p>Certains experts t&#233;moignent de l&#8217;extr&#234;me efficacit&#233; de l&#8217;automatisation de leur m&#233;tier, au risque de vivre d&#8217;ailleurs une capitulation cognitive - avant (on leur souhaite) un r&#233;ajustement de leur activit&#233; au profit de t&#226;ches moins r&#233;p&#233;titives, plus cr&#233;atrices et relationnelles.</p><p>Fort de leurs exemples, certains sont tent&#233;s de croire qu&#8217;ils peuvent d&#233;sormais tout accomplir, pour peu d&#8217;avoir le bon corpus.</p><p>Mais qui a d&#233;pass&#233; l&#8217;effet <em>Dunning-Kruger</em> dans une expertise, sait bien que le propre d&#8217;une activit&#233; authentique, plong&#233;e dans l&#8217;action et la contingence, est d&#8217;&#233;chapper &#224; la formalisation et aux r&#232;gles exactes.</p><p>Dans toute organisation, aussi petite soit-elle, la d&#233;cision et la responsabilit&#233; reposent sur quelques acteurs qui doivent toujours d&#233;cider dans l&#8217;incertitude et dans un temps restreint, sans conna&#238;tre par avance les cons&#233;quences exactes de leurs actions.</p><p>C&#8217;est de la qualit&#233; de leur discernement et de leur audace que va d&#233;pendre la force de leur entreprise. Et aussi de leur capacit&#233; &#224; assumer leurs d&#233;cisions - m&#234;me si bien des organisations pensent avoir r&#233;solu ce probl&#232;me en diluant les responsabilit&#233;s.</p><p>Comme l&#8217;expliquait Aristote, nous ne pouvons, fondamentalement, compter que sur notre &#171; prudence &#187;, c&#8217;est &#224; dire l&#8217;acuit&#233; de notre discernement et sur la valeur (&#233;prouv&#233;e) de nos principes. Ces derniers sont nourris par l&#8217;exp&#233;rience, l&#8217;it&#233;ration, l&#8217;apprentissage, l&#8217;&#233;change, tout ce qu&#8217;on voudra : en dernier ressort c&#8217;est nous qui en tirons les cons&#233;quences.</p><p>Prenons la cybers&#233;curit&#233;. Elle repose peut-&#234;tre sur une vingtaine de grands principes.</p><p>Sauriez pourtant demain, arm&#233; d&#8217;un agent IA nourri de ces principes que vous auriez arrach&#233;s &#224; quelques vieux sioux, r&#233;soudre d&#8217;un air fringant la crise cyber d&#8217;un client perdant un million d&#8217;euros par jour ? Sauriez-vous de m&#234;me &#233;valuer avec rigueur l&#8217;empreinte num&#233;rique d&#8217;une personnalit&#233; sensible menac&#233;e d&#8217;extorsion ou d&#8217;enl&#232;vement ?</p><p>De toute &#233;vidence, non.</p><p>Les gens qui ignorent ce qu&#8217;ils ignorent sont dangereux.</p><p>Des experts n&#233;ophytes arm&#233;s d&#8217;agents IA promettant monts et merveilles sont comme ces coca&#239;nomanes saisis par l&#8217;euphorie illusoire et pleine d&#8217;un hubris enfantin d&#8217;avoir vaincu le temps et l&#8217;espace. Ou comme le personnage des fr&#232;res Coen, Walter Sobchak (<em>The Big Lebowski</em>), ce v&#233;t&#233;ran du Vietnam encha&#238;nant les erreurs avec un aplomb d&#233;sopilant.</p><p>En revanche, des experts ayant fait leurs preuves, aiguis&#233; un jugement sculpt&#233; par les erreurs et la pers&#233;v&#233;rance, qui ont convaincu de la finesse et l&#8217;efficacit&#233; de leur expertise des interlocuteurs valables et dans des situations critiques, tireront sans aucun doute un b&#233;n&#233;fice r&#233;el d&#8217;une automatisation de certains de leur process.</p><p>Au del&#224; d&#8217;une prudence cr&#233;atrice, ces derniers font preuve d&#8217;une vigilance &#171; curatrice &#187; &#224; l&#8217;&#233;gard de leurs propres savoirs, outils et processus. Ils sont assez rassurant pour qu&#8217;on ne se dise pas que leurs agent IA finiront dans un botnet dirig&#233; par un enfant de 13 ans form&#233; au hacking sur <em>YouTube</em>.</p><p>Il n&#8217;est h&#233;las pas certain que cette vigilance soit la meilleure alli&#233;e des campagnes marketing des leaders de l&#8217;IA.</p><p>Elle est pourtant essentielles &#224; nos organisations, qui doivent naviguer entre la tentation de l&#8217;&#233;vitement du changement et celle, tout aussi dangereuse, de l&#8217;euphorie solutionniste.</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Pourquoi les postures de cybersécurité abouties reposent sur 4 secrets bien gardés]]></title><description><![CDATA[Les organisations les plus r&#233;silientes face aux cyberattaques sont celles qui se sont le mieux pr&#233;par&#233;es aux crises cyber et qui ont travaill&#233; leur posture de s&#233;curit&#233; &#224; tous les niveaux.]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/pourquoi-les-postures-de-cybersecurite</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/pourquoi-les-postures-de-cybersecurite</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 29 Jan 2026 10:46:10 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YCpW!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F430e0f5a-cb8a-41e6-9d22-9f72d353cf04_1920x1080.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YCpW!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F430e0f5a-cb8a-41e6-9d22-9f72d353cf04_1920x1080.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YCpW!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F430e0f5a-cb8a-41e6-9d22-9f72d353cf04_1920x1080.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YCpW!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F430e0f5a-cb8a-41e6-9d22-9f72d353cf04_1920x1080.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YCpW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F430e0f5a-cb8a-41e6-9d22-9f72d353cf04_1920x1080.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YCpW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F430e0f5a-cb8a-41e6-9d22-9f72d353cf04_1920x1080.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YCpW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F430e0f5a-cb8a-41e6-9d22-9f72d353cf04_1920x1080.jpeg" width="1456" height="819" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/430e0f5a-cb8a-41e6-9d22-9f72d353cf04_1920x1080.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:819,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:276632,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://blog.alyghieri.com/i/186178518?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F430e0f5a-cb8a-41e6-9d22-9f72d353cf04_1920x1080.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YCpW!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F430e0f5a-cb8a-41e6-9d22-9f72d353cf04_1920x1080.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YCpW!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F430e0f5a-cb8a-41e6-9d22-9f72d353cf04_1920x1080.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YCpW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F430e0f5a-cb8a-41e6-9d22-9f72d353cf04_1920x1080.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YCpW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F430e0f5a-cb8a-41e6-9d22-9f72d353cf04_1920x1080.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h6><code>Apocalypto&#169;, Mel Gibson, 2006</code></h6><div><hr></div><p>Les organisations les mieux prot&#233;g&#233;es ne sont pas les plus discr&#232;tes, les plus petites ou les plus technophiles.</p><p>Ce sont les plus agiles. Les plus engag&#233;es. Les plus d&#233;termin&#233;es.</p><p>Quels sont donc leurs secrets ?</p><p>1/ un &#233;tat d&#8217;esprit iconoclaste</p><p>2/ une acculturation profonde aux principes de l&#8217;hygi&#232;ne cyber</p><p>3/ une strat&#233;gie de d&#233;fense active</p><p>4/ une conscience forte des &#171; cygnes noires &#187; qui ne sombre pas dans la parano&#239;a</p><p><strong>Pourquoi iconoclaste ?</strong></p><p>Parce que la cybers&#233;curit&#233; exige de &#171; <em>r&#233;fl&#233;chir &#224; la fa&#231;on dont les choses peuvent &#233;chouer ou &#234;tre contourn&#233;es ; de penser comme un attaquant, un adversaire ou bien un criminel</em> &#187;, explique le sp&#233;cialiste Bruce Schneier. Ce qui exige de secouer les statu quo et les bureaucraties bien install&#233;es !</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ACVC!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc3a7c29-e9fd-403a-89ba-26a199a009af_1708x2560.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ACVC!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc3a7c29-e9fd-403a-89ba-26a199a009af_1708x2560.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ACVC!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc3a7c29-e9fd-403a-89ba-26a199a009af_1708x2560.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ACVC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc3a7c29-e9fd-403a-89ba-26a199a009af_1708x2560.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ACVC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc3a7c29-e9fd-403a-89ba-26a199a009af_1708x2560.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ACVC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc3a7c29-e9fd-403a-89ba-26a199a009af_1708x2560.jpeg" width="1456" height="2182" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ACVC!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc3a7c29-e9fd-403a-89ba-26a199a009af_1708x2560.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ACVC!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc3a7c29-e9fd-403a-89ba-26a199a009af_1708x2560.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ACVC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc3a7c29-e9fd-403a-89ba-26a199a009af_1708x2560.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ACVC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc3a7c29-e9fd-403a-89ba-26a199a009af_1708x2560.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h6><code>Bruce Schneier by Asa Mathat&#169;</code></h6><div><hr></div><p><strong>Pourquoi l&#8217;hygi&#232;ne cyber ?</strong></p><p>Parce que la majeure partie des cyberattaques pourraient &#234;tre &#233;vit&#233;es ou att&#233;nu&#233;es en appliquant les 42 mesures recens&#233;es par l&#8217;ANSSI, celles que son ancien directeur, Patrick Pailloux, rappelait d&#232;s 2011 : </p><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;la limitation des droits d&#8217;acc&#232;s, l&#8217;analyse des mouvements suspects, la sanctuarisation des &#233;l&#233;ments les plus critiques comme les dispositifs de gestions des droits d&#8217;acc&#232;s, l&#8217;application r&#233;guli&#232;re des correctifs de s&#233;curit&#233;&#8230;&#8221;</em></p></blockquote><p><strong>Pourquoi une d&#233;fense active ?</strong></p><p>Parce que : </p><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;L&#8217;&#233;volution des technologies et l&#8217;interconnexion des r&#233;seaux rendent les strat&#233;gies de d&#233;fense passive et p&#233;rim&#233;trique de moins en moins efficaces, m&#234;me si elles restent n&#233;cessaires. Il faut passer d&#8217;une strat&#233;gie de d&#233;fense passive &#224; une strat&#233;gie de d&#233;fense active en profondeur et combiner protection intrins&#232;que des syst&#232;mes, surveillance permanente, r&#233;action rapide et action offensive&#8221;</em>, r&#233;sumait le Livre Blanc de la D&#233;fense de... 2008.</p></blockquote><p><strong>Pourquoi les cygnes noirs ?</strong></p><p>Parce que, comme le r&#233;sume audacieusement Nassim Nicolas Taleb : </p><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;Contre nombre de nos habitudes de pens&#233;e, notre monde est domin&#233; par l&#8217;extr&#234;me, l&#8217;inconnue et le tr&#232;s improbable (improbable, selon notre connaissance actuelle) et pourtant nous ne cessons de nous focaliser sur le connu et le r&#233;p&#233;t&#233;. D&#8217;o&#249; la n&#233;cessit&#233; de prendre l&#8217;&#233;v&#233;nement extr&#234;me comme point de d&#233;part, non de le consid&#233;rer comme une exception &#224; prendre pour quantit&#233; n&#233;gligeable.&#8221;</em></p></blockquote><div><hr></div><p><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/yrieixdenis/">Yrieix Denis</a>, fondateur du <strong><a href="https://www.alyghieri.com/">cabinet de conseil en cybers&#233;curit&#233; Alyghieri</a></strong></p><p>Des besoins cyber ? </p><p>&#201;crivez-nous &#224; : contact[@]alyghieri[.]com</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Face à l’IA, nous sommes condamnés à devenir des samouraïs]]></title><description><![CDATA[Tout ce que vous avez toujours voulu savoir sur l&#8217;IA en 154 pages, 66 chapitres et 200 pr&#233;conisations]]></description><link>https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/face-a-lia-nous-sommes-condamnes</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://blog.alyghieri.com/p/face-a-lia-nous-sommes-condamnes</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[ALYGHIERI]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 28 Jan 2026 10:15:43 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gkzV!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9f0fd6-e3cc-4cb1-83c7-ee56c3fd9f11_1000x1500.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gkzV!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9f0fd6-e3cc-4cb1-83c7-ee56c3fd9f11_1000x1500.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gkzV!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9f0fd6-e3cc-4cb1-83c7-ee56c3fd9f11_1000x1500.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gkzV!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9f0fd6-e3cc-4cb1-83c7-ee56c3fd9f11_1000x1500.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gkzV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9f0fd6-e3cc-4cb1-83c7-ee56c3fd9f11_1000x1500.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gkzV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9f0fd6-e3cc-4cb1-83c7-ee56c3fd9f11_1000x1500.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gkzV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9f0fd6-e3cc-4cb1-83c7-ee56c3fd9f11_1000x1500.jpeg" width="1000" height="1500" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gkzV!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9f0fd6-e3cc-4cb1-83c7-ee56c3fd9f11_1000x1500.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gkzV!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9f0fd6-e3cc-4cb1-83c7-ee56c3fd9f11_1000x1500.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gkzV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9f0fd6-e3cc-4cb1-83c7-ee56c3fd9f11_1000x1500.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gkzV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e9f0fd6-e3cc-4cb1-83c7-ee56c3fd9f11_1000x1500.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Avant toute chose en mati&#232;re d&#8217;intelligence artificielle, nous ne devons pas nous laisser enfermer dans des paradigmes &#233;trangers &#224; ceux de nos organisations et perdre de vue que ce sont d&#8217;abord les besoins humains qui doivent pr&#233;valoir &#224; la d&#233;finition et l&#8217;adoption des outils techniques, et non l&#8217;inverse. </p><p>Comme le rappelle l&#8217;expert en strat&#233;gie des organisations Aubry Pierens, tout, dans une entreprise, doit &#234;tre pens&#233; en coh&#233;rence avec sa raison d&#8217;&#234;tre organique, c&#8217;est-&#224;-dire avec les principes originels et essentiels qui la fondent et qui font vivre la communaut&#233; tr&#232;s singuli&#232;re d&#8217;hommes et de femmes qui la compose</p><p>Face &#224; l&#8217;IA, nous sommes finalement condamn&#233;s &#224; assumer une double approche, &#8220;celle du poisson rouge et celle du samoura&#239;&#8221;, pour paraphraser une c&#233;l&#232;bre formule de l&#8217;historien Paul Veyne.</p><p>Du poisson rouge, car nous sommes immerg&#233;s malgr&#233; nous dans un &#8220;bocal&#8221; o&#249; nous parviennent &#224; la fois les &#233;chos plus ou moins proches des d&#233;bats d&#8217;experts et o&#249; nous tombe dessus la &#8220;poudre aux yeux&#8221; des gourous de la Tech.</p><p>Du samoura&#239;, car nous devons faire preuve d&#8217;une distance critique et d&#8217;un discernement &#224; toute &#233;preuve, quitte &#224; trancher dans le vif des doxas qu&#8217;on voudrait imposer &#224; nos organisations.</p><p>L&#8217;ensemble de cet ouvrage vise &#224; &#233;quiper le samoura&#239; qui se trouve en chacun de nos lecteurs (et &#224; apporter de l&#8217;air frais au poisson rouge qui se trouve &#233;galement en eux).</p><h5>Pour lire la suite, <em><strong><a href="https://www.placedeslibraires.fr/livre/9782124659487-ia-techniques-ethique-juridique-et-bonnes-pratiques-arnaud-billion-yrieix-denis-sabrina-hammoudi-yannis-martin-anaelle-martin/">commandez l&#8217;ouvrage en librairie</a></strong></em>.</h5>]]></content:encoded></item></channel></rss>